C1 Group 0 Elements (page 110) Flashcards
What are Group 0 elements known as?
Noble gasses
They don’t react with very much, and you can’t even see them.
What are the noble gasses?
Helium
Neon
Argon
Krypton
Xenon
Radon
All Group 0 elements - Inert, colourless gasses
(Inert means, lacking the ability or strength to move/chemically inactive) - a bit like mum!!!!!
What is Group 0 Gas Helium, and what is it used for?
Helium is a chemical element with the symbol He and attomic number 2.
it is colourless, oderless, tasteless, non-toxic, inert, monatomic gas
Its boiling and melting point are the lowest amung all the elements.
It is used as an inert gas atmosphere for weilding metals such as aluminum, in rocket propulsion (to pressurize fuel tanks, especially those for liquid hydrogen, because only hellium is still a gas at liquid-hydrogen temperature),
used in meteorology (as a lifting gas for insturment-carrying balloons)
also used to detect leaks, such as in car air-conditioning systems, inflate car airbags after impact of an accident
used as a lifting agent in party balloons
also Physicians and surgeons use helium to help patients with lung and heart procedures.
What is Group 0 Neon and what is it used for?
chemical element with atomic number 10, an inert gas element of the nolel gas group.
Colourless, odourless, tasteless and lighter than air.
neon gas occurs in minute quantities in earth’s atmosphere and trapped within the rocks of earths crust.
It is used in vaccum tubes, high-voltage indicators (neon signs), lightning arresters, wavemeter tubes, televsion tubes and helium-neon lasers, and diving equipment
What is the Group 0 element Argon, and what is it used for?
chemical element of atomic number 18, an inert gas element of the noble gas group.
Argon is the mommest noble gas, making up nearly one per cent of the earth’s atmosphere.
It is a colourless, odourless gas that is totally inert to other substances, and is industrially extracted from liquid air in a cryogenic air separation unit by means of fractional distillation
When nitrogen gas present in the atmosphere is heated using hot calcium or magnesium, a nitride is formed leaving behind small amounts of Argon as an impurity.
Argon is often used when an inert atmosphere is needed. It is used in this way for the production of titanium and other reactive elements.
It is mostly used as an inert shielding gas in welding and other high-temperature industrial processes, where ordinarly unreactive substances become reactive; (eg; an argon atmosphere is used in graphite electric furnaces to prevent the ggraphite from burning).
also used in incandescent light bulbs to stop oxyen from corroding the filament.
What is the group 0 element krypton, and what is it used for?
chemical element of atomic number 36, a member of the noble gas series. It is obtained by distillation of liquid air, and is used in some kinds of electric light
Krypton is used commercially as a filling gas for energy-saving florescent lights.
it is also used in some flash lamps, used for high-speed photography
unlike the lighter gasses in its groups, it is reactive enough to form some chemical compounds, for example, krypton will react with fluoring to form krypton fluoride (used in photolithography, krypton fluoride lasers are used in nuclear fusion energy research, production of soft X-ray emissions, micromachining of plastics, composite materials and organic tissues, and since krypton floride laser emits deep ultraviolet radiation, it is used in medical surgery and therapy)
What is the group 0 element Xenon, and what is it used for?
its the chemical element of atomic number 54, a member of the noble gas series. it is obtained by distillation of liquid air, it is heavy and extremely rare gas of group 18 (noble gasses) and is used in some specialized electric lamps
it was the first noble gas found to form true chemical compounds. More than 4.5 times heavier than air, xenon is colourless, odourless and tasteless.
It is used in certain specialised light sources. it produces a beautiful blue glow when excited by an electrical discharge.
Xenon lamps have applications as high-speed electronic flash bulbs used by photographers, sunbed lamps and bactericidal lamps used in food preparation and processing.
What is group 0 element Radon, and what is it used for?
the chemical element of atomic number 86, a rare radioactive gas belonging to the noble gas series. Radon gas is inert, colourless and odorless.
It is naturally in the atmosphere in trace amounts. outdoors, radon disperses rapidly and generally is not a health issue, but it is a naturally-occuring radioactive gas that can cause lung cancer. Radon produces tiny radioactive particles in the air we breathe, Radiation from these particles damages our lung tissue and over a long period may cause lung cancer. Most Radon exposure occurs inside homes, schools and work places.
it is a radioactive gas that ocurs naturally when the uranium in soil and rock breaks down. when radon is released from the ground into the outdoor air, it is diluted and is not a concern. However in enclosed spaces like homes it can accumulate to high levels. it can be found at higher levels in the air in houses and other buildings, as well as in water from underground sources, such as private well water.
Ironically Radon is used in the treatment of cell damage and cancer. and is also used in radiation therapy.
Radon is used to track air masses to a limited level.
Changes in groundwater, raddon concentration help in the prediction of Earthquake.
In the 1940’s radon was used for X-ray sources and for industrial radiography.
How many electrons do Group 0 (noble gasses) have in their outer shell?
They have 8 electrons in their outer energy level, apart from Helium, which has 2, giving them a full outer shell
Group 0 outer shell is energetically stable, what do this mean regarding their electrons?
they don’t need to give up or gain electrons to become more stable.
This means they are more or less inert - they don’t react with much at all.
Group 0 elements exist as monatomic gasses, what do this mean?
Single atoms not bonded to each other.
(consisting of one atom; having but one atom in the molecule
Describe what colour the elements in Group 0 are at room temperature?
colourless gasses at room temperature
What is meant regarding noble gasses are inert?
they’re non-flammable - they wont set on fire.
How many electrons do Helium have?
2
What are the patterns in the properties of the noble gasses?
1) The boiling points of the noble gasses increase as you move down the group, along with increasing relative atomic mass.
2) The increase in boilding point is due to an increase in the number of electrons n each atom. leading to greater intermolecular forces between them, which need to be overcome
