C1 Atoms (page 96)

Question 1

All substances are made up of what?

Answer 1

Atoms

They are really tiny - too small to see even with a microscope.

Question 2

What does Atoms contain?

Answer 2

Protons, Newtrons and Electrons

Question 3

What size radius does Atoms have?

Answer 3

About 0.1 nanometeres (that is x 1 x 10 -(small-10m)

Question 4

What is in the middle of the Atom?

Answer 4

The Nucleus

Question 5

What do the Nucleus contain inside an Atom?

Answer 5

It contains Protons and Neutrons.

Question 6

What size radius does the Necleus have inside an Atom?

Answer 6

The necleus has a radius of around 1 x 10-14(small 14)m, that is 1/10 000 of the radius of an atom.

Question 7

Why does the Nucleus of an atom have a positive charge?

Answer 7

Because of the protons.

Question 8

Almost the whole mass of the atom is concentrated in the what?

Answer 8

The Nucleus.

Question 9

What do Electrons do around the Nucleus?

Answer 9

They move around the Nucleus in the electron shells

Question 10

What charge does Electrons have? (positive or negative)

Answer 10

They are negatively charged and tiny, and they cover a lot of space.

Question 11

The volume of the Electrons orbit, dertermines the size of what?

Answer 11

The size of the Atom

Question 12

Does Electrons have a mass, or no mass?

Answer 12

They virtually have no mass.

Question 13

Explain what Protons are?

Answer 13

They are heavy and positively charged

Question 14

Explain what Neutrons are?

Answer 14

They are heavy and neutral

Question 15

Explain what Electrons are?

Answer 15

Tiny and negatively charged

Question 16

What Relative Mass does a Proton have, and its charge?

Answer 16

Proton has Relative Mass 1, and +1 Charge

Question 17

What Relative Mass does a Neutron have, and its charge?

Answer 17

Neutron has Relative Mass of 1, and 0 charge

Question 18

What Relative Mass does Electron have, and its charge?

Answer 18

Relative Mass is ‘very small’, and has -1 Charge.
(Electron mass is often taken as zero)

Question 19

Atoms are ‘Neutral’, what do this mean?

Answer 19

they have ‘NO CHARGE’ overall, (unlike ions)

Question 20

What do it mean if Atoms are Neutral?

Answer 20

they have the same number of protons as electrons

Question 21

Why would a charge be cancelled out on the same number of Electrons and Protons?

Answer 21

If the charge on the electrons is the same size as the charge on the protons, but they are opposite - so the charges cancel out.

Question 22

What is an Ion?

Answer 22

An Ion is an Atom, or group or Atoms that has lost of gained electrons. (A charged particle)

Question 23

Finish the sentence…….

The number of Protons, equals……..

Answer 23

The Number of Electrons

Question 24

Atomic Number and Mass Number, describes what?

Answer 24

An Atom

Question 25

The Nuclear symbol of an Atom, tells you what?

Answer 25

Its Atomic (proton) number and mass number.

Question 26

What does the Atomic number tell you?

Answer 26

It tells you how many protons there are in an Atom

Question 27

What does The Mass Number tell you?

Answer 27

it tells you the total number of Protons and Neutrons in the atom.

Question 28

How do you work out how many Neutrons are in an Atom?

Answer 28

Just subtract the Atomic Number from the Mass Number

Question 29

An Atom of Gallium has an atomic number of 31 and a Mass number of 70. Give the number of Electrons, Protons and Neutrons in the Atom?

Answer 29

Protons = Atomic numer = 31

Electrons = Protons = 31

Neutrons = Mass number - atomic number = 70 -31 = 39