C1 Electronic Structure (page 104)

Question 1

What are Electrons?

Answer 1

a stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity, found in all atoms and acting as the primary carrier of electricity in solids.

Question 2

What is another name for Electron shells?

Answer 2

Energy levels

Question 3

Electrons lowest energy levels are always filled first or last? and why?

Answer 3

Lowest energy levels are always filled first - these are the ones closest to the nucleus

Question 4

How many electrons are allowed in the following shells of an electron?

a) 1st shell
b) 2nd shell
c) 3rd shell

Answer 4

a) 1st shell = 2 shells
b) 2nd shell = 8 shells
c) 3rd shell = 8 shells

Question 5

When are Atoms much happier?

Answer 5

When they have full electron shells - like the noble gasses in Group 0

Question 6

What happens in most atoms when the outer shell is not full?

Answer 6

this makes the atom want to react to fill it.

Question 7

How do you work out the electronic structure of Nitrogen if its atomic number is 7>

Answer 7

eg:

1) Nitrogens atomic number is 7, this means it has 7 protons… so it must have 7 electrons.

2) Remember the first shell can only take 2 electrons and the second shell can take a maximum of 8 electrons

so the atomic structure for Nitogen must be 2, 5

Question 8

What is the electronic structure of magnesium, the atomic number is 12?

Answer 8

1) Magnesium’s atomic number is 12. This means it has 12 protons and 12 electrons.

2) Follow the ‘Electron Shell rules’ The first shell can only take 2 electrons and the second shell can take a maximum of 8 electrons, so the third shell must also be partially filled.

So the electronic structure for magnesium must be 2, 8, 2

Question 9

What is the electronic structure of Hydrogen (H), with atomic number of 1?

Answer 9

1

Question 10

What is the atomic structure of Helium (He), with atomic number 2?

Answer 10

2

Question 11

What is the electronic structure of Lithium (Li), with atomic number 3?

Answer 11

2, 1

Question 12

What is the atomic structure of Carbon (C), atomic number 6?

Answer 12

2,4

Question 13

What is the atomic structure of Neon (Ne) with atomic number 10?

Answer 13

2, 8

Question 14

what is the atomic structure of Calcium (Ca), atomic number 20?

Answer 14

2,8,8,2

Question 15

Give the electronic structure of aluminium, atomic number 13?

Answer 15

2,8,3

Question 16

Give the electronic structure of Argon, atomic number 18?

Answer 16

2,8,8