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laboratory management > C - Lesson 9 Quality Assurance > Flashcards

C - Lesson 9 Quality Assurance Flashcards

1
Q

[?] of patient samples can be a complex procedure, depending on clinical analysis, microbiological stud y, or blood banking testing among other facets of the clinical laboratory.

A

Laboratory testing

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2
Q

is one of the most important impacts on laboratory testing — it ensures both precision and accuracy of patient sample results.

A

Quality control (QC)

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3
Q

The integrity of [?] is important to both management of overall quality as well as to meeting requirements of proficiency testing.

A

quality control samples

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4
Q

Addressing QC issues is critical to the identification of potential errors with patient results, including [?] as well as [?] of testing function.

A

reagent matrix effects
calibration misalignment

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5
Q

Maintaining [?] of laboratory sample testing through quality control is vital to ensuring that patient testing is done right and that it produces accurate results.

A

accurate and frequent checks

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6
Q

A program in which the overall activities conducted by the institution are directed toward assuring the quality of the products and services provided

A

Quality Assurance Program

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7
Q

The overall process of guaranteeing quality patient care

A

Quality Assurance Program

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8
Q

– focus on the monitoring of outcomes or indicators of care

A

Quality Assurance

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9
Q

– applied to activities directed toward the monitoring of the individual elements of care

A

Quality Control

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10
Q

Intralaboratory

A

Internal Quality Control

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11
Q

appropriate and standard laboratory methods, reagents, supplies and equipment

A

Internal Quality Control

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12
Q

proper maintenance and monitoring of all equipment.

A

Internal Quality Control

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13
Q

quality control reference materials.

A

Internal Quality Control

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14
Q

documented, continuous competency assessment program for all laboratory personnel

A

Internal Quality Control

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15
Q

Interlaboratory

A

External Quality Control

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16
Q

intended to monitor the delivery of the overall services of the laboratory as part of the health care team (indicators of quality performance)

A

External Quality Control

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17
Q

National Reference Laboratories

A

External Assurance Program (Proficiency testing)

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18
Q

Recognized reference laboratories.

A

External Assurance Program (Proficiency testing)

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19
Q

Everything that precedes actual test performance

A

Preanalytical

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20
Q

Test ordering by physician

A

Preanalytical

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21
Q

test ordering by nursing/clerical staff

A

Preanalytical

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22
Q

patient preparation

A

Preanalytical

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23
Q

patient identification

A

Preanalytical

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24
Q

specimen collection

A

Preanalytical

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25
Q

specimen transport

A

Preanalytical

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26
Q

specimen processing

A

Preanalytical

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27
Q

Everything related to the actual testing process

A

Analytical

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28
Q

Test analysis

A

Analytical

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29
Q

quality control reagents

A

Analytical

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30
Q

calibration

A

Analytical

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31
Q

preventive maintenance

A

Analytical

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32
Q

Everything that comes after test analysis

A
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33
Q

Verification of calculations and reference ranges

A
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34
Q

review of results

A
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35
Q

procedures for notification of critical values

A
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36
Q

result reporting

A
37
Q

test interpretation by physician

A
38
Q

follow patient care

A
39
Q

All [?] are involved.

A

patients, laboratory personnel, laboratory equipment, and laboratory tests

40
Q

Specific aspects include

A

patient preparation and identification, specimen collection, transportation and handling of the specimen, performance of the test, and the reporting of test results

41
Q

The laboratory’s relation to other hospital departments - [?].

A

the nursing service, the admitting office, the outpatient department, public relations, purchasing, the storeroom, the pharmacy, surgical supplies, and the medical staff

42
Q

should be collected in a manual to be revised at least once a year or when procedures are changed.

A

Laboratory policies and procedures

43
Q

Copies of this manual should be available to other hospital departments

A

Laboratory policies and procedures

44
Q

the main concern of this Q.C. system is the detection of a problem

A

Quality Surveillance System

45
Q

offer education, realization of why errors happen, and program to remedy offer education, realization of why errors defects (equipment, technique, specimen procurement, storage of reagents, etc.)

A

Quality Control Corrective System

46
Q

established to prove that corrective measures have actually brought results (Q.C. charts, S.D. calculations, etc.)

A

Objective Q.C. Parameters

47
Q

Provide resources for independent assessment of the technical performance

A

External programs

48
Q

Methods that are intended to monitor the delivery of the overall services of the laboratory as part of the health care team (indicators of quality performance)

A

Quality Monitoring & Assessment tools

49
Q

eg. Validity of diagnosis & suitability of services provided

A

Quality Monitoring & Assessment tools

50
Q

The Total Testing Process

A

requesting for the test
specimen collection
actual analysis
reporting of results
interpreting the result

51
Q

Patient

A

Specimen Collection

52
Q

Time of collection

A

Specimen Collection

53
Q

Method of collection

A

Specimen Collection

54
Q

Collection equipment

A

Specimen Collection

55
Q

Technical & Physical facilities

A

Specimen Collection

56
Q

Processing

A

Specimen Preparation

57
Q

Centrifugation

A

Specimen Preparation

58
Q

Separation

A

Specimen Preparation

59
Q

Method/Procedure

A

Actual Analysis

60
Q

Reagents

A

Actual Analysis

61
Q

Standards and Controls

A

Actual Analysis

62
Q

Glasswares/Equipment/Machines

A

Actual Analysis

63
Q

Technical & Physical facilities

A

Actual Analysis

64
Q

Method/Manner of Reporting

A

Reporting & Interpretation

65
Q

Laboratory language (Communication)
o Laboratory interpretation
o Physician’s interpretation

A

Reporting & Interpretation

66
Q

Professional Relationships within and outside the Laboratory

A

Reporting & Interpretation

67
Q

o “There shall be a system of accurate recording to ensure quality results”

A

RA 4688

68
Q

o “There shall be a provision for filing, storage and accession of all reports.

A

RA 4688

69
Q

Laboratory records

A

Recording

70
Q

Anatomic & Forensic records

A

Recording

71
Q

Written policies and procedures

A

Quality Assurance Plan

72
Q

Routine evaluation of staff performance

A

Quality Assurance Plan

73
Q

Continuing education (documented)

A

Quality Assurance Plan

74
Q

Safety program

A

Quality Assurance Plan

75
Q

Specimen collection and handling

A

Quality Assurance Plan

76
Q

Safety program (for staff and patients)

A

Quality Assurance Plan

77
Q

Corrective action required if controls are out of range

A

Quality Assurance Plan

78
Q

(to ensure that scheduled activities & duties are performed

A

Checklist

79
Q

(specimens from PT sponsors should be treated exactly like the patients sample

A

Participation in proficiency testing

80
Q

– gives official approval that the laboratory follows all of the guidelines set forth by the accrediting agency.

A

Accreditation by the appropriate agency

81
Q

Factors affecting Quality Assurance Program (QAP)

A

✓ Staffing
✓ Physical facilities
✓ Equipment/Instruments
✓ Glasswares/Reagent/Supplies
✓ Waste Management/Biohazard practices
✓ Quality Control Programs
✓ Reporting
✓ Recording
✓ Patient
✓ Bench Space
✓ Methods/Procedures/tests
✓ Standards
✓ Controls
✓ Laboratory rules and regulations
✓ Professional Relationships within and outside the Laboratory

82
Q

10 steps to a Quality Assurance Plan

A
  1. Assign responsibility
  2. Delineate scope of care
  3. Identify important aspects of care
  4. Identify indicators related to these aspects of care
  5. Establish thresholds for evaluation
  6. Gather and organize data
  7. Evaluate care when thresholds are reached
  8. Take corrective action
  9. Asses the effectiveness of actions; document improvement
  10. Communicate relevant information
83
Q

is designed to detect, reduce, and correct deficiencies in a laboratory’s internal analytical process prior to the release of patient results, in order to improve the quality of the results reported by the laboratory.

A

Laboratory quality control

84
Q

can be defined as accuracy, reliability and timeliness of reported test results.

A

Laboratory quality

85
Q

The [?] must be as accurate as possible, all aspects of the [?] must be reliable, and [?] must be timely in order to be useful in a clinical or public health setting.

A

laboratory results
laboratory operations
reporting

86
Q

In order to achieve the highest level of accuracy and reliability, it is essential to perform [?] in the laboratory in the best possible way.

A

all processes and procedures

87
Q

The [?] is a complex system, involving many steps of activity and many people.

A

laboratory

88
Q

The [?] of the system requires that many processes and procedures be performed properly.

A

complexity

89
Q

Therefore, the [?], which looks at the entire system, is very important for achieving good laboratory performance

A

quality management system model

laboratory management (13 decks)

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