C:6 The rate and extent of Chemical Change Paper 2 Flashcards
Write a Definition of Rates of Reaction?
- The rate of a reaction tells us how quickly reactants are converted into products
What Does a Catalyst Do?
- A Catalyst Speeds a Reaction But it is not used up.
Name 3 Considerations When Choosing Rates of Reactions in Industry?
- 1) Safety.
- 2) Cost.
- 3) Speed.
What’s the Name of the Theory that explains how Reactions occur and Why they occur at different rates?
- Collision theory
Write a Definition of Particle Collison?
- Particle Collison is when particles collide for Chemical Reactions to Happen.
Write a Definition of Activation Energy?
- Activation Energy is The Minimum Energy With which particles collide in order to cause a chemical reaction.
Name The 4 Factors affecting the rate Of Reaction?
- 1) Concertation.
- 2) Surface Area.
- 3) Temperature.
- 4) Pressure.
What Happens When You Increases The Concertation?
- Increasing the concertation Increases the Number of Reactant Particles in the same Volume Meaning more Successful collisions Happening.
What Happens If you Increase the Surface Area?
- Increasing The Surface Area of One reactant Increasing the number of particles Exposed to other reactants.
What Happens If you Increase the Temperature?
- Increasing the Temperature increases the Kinetic Energy of the Particles making them move around more quickly.
What Happens If you Increase the Pressure?
- Increasing the Pressure forces the same numbers of particles closer together.
Name 4 Things that describe Catalyst?
- 1) Not used up in reactions.
- 2) Not found in chemical Equations.
- 3) Increasing the rate of reaction.
- 4) Lower the activation energy.
Write Down a Pro and Con of a Catalyst?
- Pro: Its cost effective.
- Con: Its toxic
What’s The equation for Rates of Reactions of Products?
- Quaintly of products Formed (Grams) ÷ Time Taken (S)
What’s The equation for Rates of Reactions of Reactants?
- Quaintly of Reactants Formed (Cm³) ÷ Time Taken (S)
Name 2 Ways to Measure the rate of a reaction?
- 1) Use a Gas Syringe.
- 2) Use a Mass Balance.
How Would You Use a Gas Syringe to Measure a Rate of reaction?
- You would use a gas syringe because gas syringe collects Carbon dioxide that is produced and measure volume.
How Would You a Mass Balance to Measure a Rate of reaction?
- You Would Use a Mass Balance Because The mass Lost due to co2 Produced in the reaction escaping the flask.
How would you measure the Rate of this reaction (Sulphur precipitate)?
- Sulphur Precipitate is produced by the reaction.
- The Insoluble produce makes the solution opaque.
- If you place a cross under the flask you can time how long it takes for it to disappear.
In 5 steps How do You Investigate the Rate of Reaction Sodium thiosulfate (PRATICAL)?
- 1) Start by adding a Set volume of Dilute sodium thiosulfate to a conical flask and Place the Flask on a Piece of paper with a black cross draw on it.
- 2) Next Add some dilute Hydrochloric acid to the flask and start a stop watch.
- 3) Watch the black cross disappear through the cloudy sulphur and time how long it takes to go.
- 4) Repeat the reaction using different Concentrations of 1 of the solutions e.g. the Hydrochloric acid (Only change the concertation of 1 of the reactants at a time through).
What Do You have to make sure in the Sodium Thiosulfate Practical and name 3 Examples?
- Make sure you control all the other variables (Keep everything the same).
- For example The size of the flask, the temperature and the volume of all the solutions.
In 5 Steps How do you Investigate the amount of gas produced from Marble chips and Hydrochloric acid (PRATICAL)?
- 1) Measure out a Set volume of dilute hydrochloric acid using a measuring cylinder and carefully pour it in a conical flask.
- 2) Measure out a set volume of marble chips .
- 3) Add the marble chips to the flask and quickly attach a delivery tube and gas syringe to the flask before any gas escapes.
- 4) Start the Stopwatch Straight away and the gas will start to collect in the gas syringe.
- 5) Take reading of the volume of gas at regular intervals and write then in a table.
Name the control Variable of the experiment on Sodium thiosulphate?
- Volume of HCL + THIO, concertation of HCL and Temp.
How can we carry out an investigation to ensure you obtain accurate results?
- Repeat the Experiment to remove any anomalies and calculate an average.
Write a Definition of Anomalies?
- Anomalies are things that are different from what is normal or unexpected.
What should you do if the exam question says Give Valid results?
- Do it again and take an average.
What can a Graph tell you?
- Graphs can tell us how fast a reaction is.
What’s the Equation to work out the mean rate of a reaction?
Amount of Reactants Used (Cm³) or Amount of Products Used (Grams) ÷ Time (S)
