C:1 Atomic Structure and The Periodic Table Paper 1 Flashcards
Write a Definition of a Atom?
- A Atom is a the smallest part of an element that can exists.
What’s the Atomic Radius of a Atom?
- The Atomic Radius of a Atom is About 0.1 Nanometres.
What’s Charge would the Nucleus be and what fills half of the mass of the Atom?
- It Would be Positive charge because of The Protons.
- Almost the whole mass of the atom is in the nucleus.
Write a Definition of The Nucleus (Atom)?
- The Nucleus is the center of the atom containing protons and neutrons.
Write a Definition of an Electron?
- a Electron is a Negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus of a Atom.
Write a Definition of Energy Levels/Electron Shell?
- Energy Levels/Electron Shell is a Region of an Atom That Contains Atoms.
What’s the Relative Mass and Relative charge of a Proton?
- The Relative Mass of a Proton is 1.
- And The Relative Charge is +1.
What’s the Relative Mass and Relative charge of a Neutron?
- The Relative Mass of a Neuron is 1.
- And The Relative Charge is 0.
What’s the Relative Mass and Relative charge of a Electron?
- The Relative Mass of a Electron is Very small.
- And the Relative Charge is -1.
What Does the Atomic Number of a Element tell you?
It Tells us The Number of Protons and Electrons.
What Equations Tells you the number of neutrons?
- Mass Number - Atomic Number
Write a Definition of an Ion?
- A Ion is a Charged Particle formed when one or more electrons are lost or gained from an atom or molecule.
What Would Happen If A Ion gains a Extra Electron and What Would Be The Charge of The Ion?
- If a Ion Gains a Extra Electron It Would be a Negative Ion.
- and The Overall Charge will 1 -
What Would Happen if a Ion loses and What would be the Charge of the Ion?
- If a Ion Loses a Electron then it would be a Positive Ion.
- And the Overall Charge will be 1+.
Write a Definition of Isotope?
- A Isotope is a Different Form of the Same Element which has atoms With The Same Number of Protons but a different number of neutrons and it has a different mass number.
What Would Happen if a Element has A Number of Isotopes?
- If a Element has a Number of Isotopes then it can be describe using Relative Atomic Mass (Ar) Instead of a Mass Number.
What’s The Formula to Work out The Relative Atomic Mass of an Element?
Sum of ( Isotope Abundance x Isotope mass Number) ÷ Sum of Abunces of all isotopes.
Write a Definition of a Compound?
- A Compound is a Substance with 2 or more different elements held for 2 Chemical bonds.
Write a Definition of a Organic Compound?
- A Organic Compound is a Chemical Compound That contains carbon atoms.
How Do you Separate a Compound?
- The Only way to separate a Compound into elements is by using a Chemical Reaction.
What’s The Chemical symbol for Ammonia, Sodium chloride, carbon monoxide and Hydrochloric Acid?
- Ammonia - NH3
- Sodium Chloride - NaCl
- Carbon Monoxide - CO
- Hydrochloric Acid - HCI
What’s the Chemical symbol, For Calcium Chloride, Sodium Carbonate and Sulfuric Acid?
- Calcium Chloride - Ca Cl2
- Sodium Carbonate - Na 2 CO3
- Sulfuric Acid - H2SO4
Write a Definition of Reactants and products?
- Reactants Are Substances that reacts in a Chemical Reaction.
- Products are substances that form in a chemical reaction.
In 3 Steps How do You Balance a Chemical Equation?
- 1) Write down the number of atoms for each element on both sides of the equation.
- 2) Add big numbers in front of the compounds to make the atoms equal but start with metals, Non-metals and leave oxygen and hydrogen at last.
- 3) Recount atoms to ensure balance and double check again.
Name 2 Rules Of Chemical Equations?
- 1) Can’t Change the Little Numbers.
- 2) Keep whole Numbers.
Write a Definition of a Mixture and Give a Example of a Mixture?
- A Mixture consist of 2 or more elements or compounds not chemically combined together.
- For example air.
Name 5 Methods that Separate Mixtures?
- 1) Filtration.
- 2) Crystallisation.
- 3) Fractional Distillation.
- 4) Simple Distillation.
- 5) chromatography.
What are Properties and What are the Properties of a Mixture?
- Properties describe what a substance is Like and How it Behaves.
- The Properties of a Mixture are just a Mixture
In 7 Steps how do you do Paper Chromatography (PRACTICAL)
- 1)Use a Pencil to Draw a line near the bottom of a Sheet of filter paper and Add a spot of ink to the line.
- 2) Pour a Small amount of solvent into a beaker so it form a shallow layer.
- 3) The Solvent Used depends on what’s being Tested Some compounds dissolve well in water but sometimes other solvents like ethanol are needed.
- 4) Place the Sheet in the Beaker of Of Solvent But make sure the Ink isn’t Touching the Solvent.
- 5) Place a Lid on top of the container to stop the solvent Evaporating.
- 6) The Solvent seeps up the pepr carrying the ink with it.
- 7) When the solvent has nearly reached the top of the paper take the paper out of the beaker and leave it to dry.
Write a Definition of Chromatogram and Solute
- A Chromatogram is The Pattern of Spots formed as a result of separating a mixture using chromatography.
- A Solute is a substance dissolved in a solvent to make a solution.
In Chromatography What’s the Mobile phase and Stationary phase?
- The Mobile phase is a gas or liquid where molecules are able to move.
- the Stationary Phase is a Solid or really thick liquid where molecules are unable to move.
Write a Definition of Solvent and Solvent Front?
- A Solvent is a liquid in which another substance can be dissolved.
- A Solvent Front is The point the solvent has reached up the filter paper during Chromatography.
What Happens During Chromatography And what will Each dye Do?
- During Chromatography Each different dye dye in the ink moves up the paper at different speeds and this separates the dyes.
- Each dye will form a spot in a Different Place so there should be 1 spot for each dye in the ink.
What Happen to the Dyes that don’t dissolve in the Solvent?
- They Will stay on the pencil line.
Write a Definition of a Solution and Mixture?
- A Solution is a Liquid That has a soluble Solid that does dissolves.
- A Mixture is a Liquid that has a solid that doesn’t dissolve.
(_______________) andn (_______________________) Can be used to separate insoluble solids Like (____________).
- Filtration ,Crystallisation and rock salt.
Write a Definition of Insoluble and Soluble?
- Insoluble is a Substance that does not dissolve in a particular solvent.
- Soluble is a Substance that does Dissolves in a Solvent.
In 4 Steps How do You Use Filtration to Separate insoluble Solids from Liquids (PRACTICAL)?
- 1) Fold The Filter paper into a Cone Shape and Put the Filter paper in a funnel.
- 2) Pour the Mixture into the filter paper.
- 3) Make sure the mixture doesnt go above the filter paper.
- 4) The liquid passes through the paper into the beaker the Solid is left behind in the filter paper.
Name 2 Methods to Separate Soluble Solids from Solutions?
- 1) Evaporation.
- 2) Crystallisation.
In 3 Steps How do you use Evaporation to separate soluble Solids (PRACTICAL)?
- 1) Slowly Heat The Solution in an Evaporating Dish the Solvent Will Evaporate.
- 2) Eventually the Crystals wii start to form.
- 3) Keep Heating until all you have left are dry crystals.
In 4 Steps How do you Use Crystallisation to Separate Soluble Solids (PRACTICAL)?
- 1) Gently Heat the solution in an Evaporating Dish some of the Solvent will Evaporate.
- 2) Once Some of The Solvent has Evaporated or when you see crystals start to form stop heating it and leave the solution to cool.
- 3) The Salt should start to form crystals.
- 4) Filter the Crystals out of the solution And leave them in a warm place to dry.
What is Rock Salt and In 4 Steps How do You Separate Them?
- Rock Salt is a Mixture of Salt and sand salt dissolves in water but sand doesn’t.
- 1) Grind the Mixture to make sure the salt crystals are small so they will dissolve easily.
- 2) Put the mixture in water and stir the salt will dissolve but the sand wont.
- 3) Filter the mixture but the Grains of sand won’t fit through the tiny holes in the filter paper so they will have to collect on the paper instead.
- 4) Use evaporation or Crystallisation so you end up with dry crystals.
Name 2 Methods to separate mixtures which contain Liquids and Write a Definition of Simple Distillation?
- 1) Simple Distillation.
- 2) Fractional Distillation.
- Simple Distillation is a Way of separating a liquid out from a mixture if there are large differences in the boiling points of a substance..
In 8 Steps how do You Use Simple Distillation to separate Solutions (PRACTICAL)?
- 1) First evaporate the liquid by heating this turns the liquid into vapour.
- 2)
