buzzwords Flashcards
1
Q
gingival hypertrophy
A
ccb se
2
Q
bird beak appearance and distended oesophagus
A
achalasia
3
Q
bird beak appearance lower gi
A
bowel obstruction
4
Q
grey turner’s sign - where and what
A
acute pancreatitis, lumbar
5
Q
cullen’s sign - where and what
A
umbilicus, acute pancreatitis
6
Q
+ve murphey’s sign
A
cholecytitis
7
Q
pale stool, jaundice, abdo pain
A
biliary obstruction
8
Q
pyoderma gangrenosum, erythema nodosum
A
ibd
9
Q
tinkling bowel sounds
A
bowel obstruction
10
Q
vesicular rash + weight loss
A
coeliac
11
Q
virchow’s node, left supraclavicular
A
gastric cancer
12
Q
urea breath test
A
h pylori
13
Q
14c breath test
A
bacterial overgrowth? or h pylori?
14
Q
rice water diarrhoea
A
vibrio cholera
15
Q
anti mitochondrial antibodies
A
pbc
16
Q
anti-smooth muscle antibodies
A
autoimmune hep
17
Q
alpha fetoprotein assay
A
hepatocellular carcinoma
18
Q
cobblestone mucosa
A
crohn’s
19
Q
duiretic for cirrhosis induced ascites
A
spironolactone
20
Q
cork screw oesophagus on barium swallow
A
diffuse oesophageal spasm
21
Q
russel’s sign
A
self induced vomiting
22
Q
mallory’s hyaline bodies
A
alcoholic liver disease
23
Q
crypt abscesses and cryptitis
A
uc
24
Q
onion skinning fibrosis, beading of the bile ducts
A
psc
25
signet ring sign on biopsy
gastric lymphoma (bronchiectasis on ct)
26
a side effect of spironolactone
gynaecomastia
27
stomatits gangrenosum
crohn's
28
barrett's
metaplasia; stratified squamous to simple columnar
29
dukes stage a
confined to bowel wall
30
dukes stage b
spread past bowel wall
31
dukes stage c
nearby lymph nodes
32
thumbprinting at splenic flexure
ischaemic colitis
33
severe c diff treatment
only time u ever use vancomycin po
34
pcp antibiotic
co-trimoxazole
35
epiglottitis antibiotic
ceftriaxone
36
swinging fever
abscess
37
pseudopolyps
uc
38
sense of impending doom
mi
39
borad complex tachy
ventricular problem
40
tapping undisplaced apex
mitral stenosis
41
broad qrs + slurred upstroke on r wave (delta wave)
wpw
42
tall tented t waves, broad qrs
hyperkalaemia
43
blurred yellowing vision headaches
digoxin
44
continuous machinery murmur
patent ductus arteriosus
45
cxr rib notching
coarctation of the aorta
46
crescendo decrescendo murmur
aortic stenosis
47
diminished/absent lower limb pulses
coarctation of the aorta
48
acei contradiction
bilateral renal artery stenosis
49
radial radial delay
aortic dissection or coarctation of the aorta
50
collapsing pulse
aortic regurg
51
slow rising pulse
aortic stenosis
52
atrial myoxoma
upper r/l heart, non-cancer, often near septum
53
cardiac tamponade prevents...
contractions
54
what to give for cardiac tamponade
nsaid
55
tetralogy of fallot
large vsd, pulmonary stenosis, overiding aorta, rvh
56
aortic regurg, aortic dissection, complete heart block, thyrotoxicosis, persistent doctor arterioles
wide pulse pressure
57
atrial fibrillation causes (atrial fib pneumonic)
alcohol, thyroid, rheumatic, idiopathic, atrial myoxoma, lung (pe/emphysema), pheochromocytoma, ischaemia, bp
58
obstructive shock management
chest drain
59
pr > 200ms
1st degree heart block
60
Ig is found in mucosa
IgA
61
Ig is found in breast milk
IgA
62
what receptors does IgE bind to to bring about a response
Fc receptors
63
most common type of Ig
IgG
64
what is the first antibody
IgM
65
where is trachea palpated
suprasternal notch/jugular notch
66
nerve that supplies the rectum
S4/inferior rectal nerve (s2, 3, 4 (pudendal)
67
nerve that supplies the diaphragm
C3,4,5/phrenic nerve
68
antibiotic is used for gram positive cover
vancomycin
69
CF gene is autosomal recessive. Mum and dad are both unaffected but daughter is affected. What are the chances that another unaffected daughter is a carrier?
⅔
70
bone has no articulations in the body
Hyoid bone
71
2,3-DPG is an acid that helps bind O2. Reduced amounts of this result in...
more dissociation
72
component of a strain of MRSA which causes severe skin infection such as necrotising fasciitis
PANTON VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN
73
Stony dull to percuss
Pleural Effusion
74
Right sided pleuritic chest pain
most likely pneumonia
75
Alveolar bat’s wings, Kerley B lines, cardiomegaly, dilated prominent upper lobe vessels Pleural effusion
Pulmonary oedema
76
Ground-glass appearance on X-ray
Pulmonary fibrosis and Respiratory Distress Syndrome of the newborn
77
Apical disease
(secondary) TB
78
apical lesion
Assmann focus
79
Miliary Tuberculous
spread of organism into bloodstream
80
Positive anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies
Goodpasture’s syndrome
81
infection with a parrot/pigeon as pet
chlamydophila psittaci
82
test urine for antigens
Legionella pneumophila
83
Mr. Snoop Dogg
probably pneumothorax (Marfan’s)
84
hilar lymphadenopathy, erythema nodosum, granulomas, fatigue, uveitis and weight loss
Sarcoidosis
85
Bronchiole wider than neighbouring arteriole (on CT) (signet ring sign
Bronchiectasis
86
D sign on X ray
Empyema
87
Steeple” sign on X ray
laryngotracheobronchitis/croup
88
barking cough
Croup
89
Pneumocystis pneumonia treat
co-tramoxazole [± prednisolone if severe]
90
Asthma + Nasal Polyps + Salicylate sensitivity
Samter’s Triad
91
Red Jelly sputum
Klebsiella Pneumoniae
92
Mucoid sputum
Chlamydia psittaci
93
Rusty sputum
Pneumococcal pneumonia
94
Cannonball metastases (also weight loss and haematuria
primary renal cell carcinoma
95
hypercapnia or Side effects of organic nitrates
Morning headache
96
ACTH secreting lung tumour
Small cell carcinoma
97
PTH secreting lung tumour
Squamous cell ca. of lung
98
Increased serum ACE and Ca2+
Sarcoid
99
Eggshell calcification at hilar region
Silicosis
100
area of infection and caseous necrosis at the periphery of the lung, beneath the pleura - found in tuberculosis infection
Ghon Focus
101
ptosis (drooping of the eyelid), enophthalmos (sunken eye), miosis (small pupil), and lack of sweating on the ipsilateral (same side as invasion) side of the face. This is due to invasion, of the cervical sympathetic chain.
Horner’s Syndrome from a Pancoast’s tumour
102
Thumbprint sign on head x ray
epiglottitis
103
Inspiratory whoop/barking cough
pertussis
104
Snow storm appearance on x ray
baritosis, silicosis
105
Management of infective exacerbation of COPD
```
I - ipratropium
S - Salbutamol
O - Oxygen
A - amoxicillin
P - prednisolone
```
106
where on lung is adenocarcinoma
peripheral
107
Low d-dimers
exclude Pulmonary Embolism
108
large pe treatment
thrombolysis
109
small pe treatment
Low Molecular Weight Heparin
110
panic attack abg
resp alkalosis
111
Frank pus on aspiration
empyema
112
Pickwickian disease a.k.a
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
113
overnight nasal ventilation
sleep apnoea, Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
114
non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema leads to acute respiratory failure
Adult respiratory distress syndrome
115
ards cxr
bilateral alveolar shadowing
116
tlco
how well oxygen can diffuse into the blood
117
Extrinsic allergic alveolitis Treat
steroids and antigen avoidance
118
antigen is Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula
Farmer’s lung
119
Blood tests reveal cANCA positive result, joint pain, nasal congestion and recurrent nosebleeds
granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA)
120
(extra) protein > 30
Exudate
121
(less) protein < 30
Transudate
122
large cell paraneoplastic effect
gynaecomastia
123
squamous cell lung cancer; region and paraneoplastic effect
hypercalcaemia, hilar
124
hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropy is a paraneoplastic effect from what type of lung cancer
Adenocarcinoma
125
only lung cancer that is chemo sensitive
Small cell
126
moon face, acne, high BP is a paraneoplastic effect from what type of lung cancer
ACTH Small cell
127
tingling, parasthesiae of the extremities is a side effect of what drug
Isoniazid
128
side effect causing joint pain, rash, allergic reaction, yellow skin or eyes, worsening gout
Pyrazinamide
129
M.bovis
TB
130
TB hypersensitivity
type IV
131
Qfever
coxiella burnetti (sheep/farm
132
Ankylosing Spondylitis can cause what in the respiratory system
Pulmonary Fibrosis
133
Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
134
boot shaped heart
tetralogy of fallot
135
egg shaped ventricles
transposition great vessels
136
continuous machinery murmur below left clavicle
persistent ductus arteriosus
137
harsh pansystolic murmur left sternal edge
vsd
138
flattened t waves, prominent u waves ecg
hypokalaemia
139
pneumonia - recently had influenza infection
s. aureus
140
organism in bronchiolitis
mostly rsv
141
hepatorenal syndrome
alcoholic hepatitis
142
slow rising pulse
aortic stenosis
143
pulsus paradoxus
cardiac tamponade or constrictive pericarditis
144
corrigan's sign (carotid pulsation)
aortic regurg
145
torsade de pointes treatment
magnesium sulfate
146
reduces long term mortality
spironolactone or b blockers
147
kussmaul's sign; raised jvp on inspiration
cardiac tamponade
148
stemi v2-v5
anterior
149
stemi v1-v3
anteroseptal
150
stemi v4-6, i, avl
anterolateral
151
stemi v1-2
posterior
152
faecal occult blood fob test is for
crc
153
cha2ds2vasc 1 point and female (for anticoag with af)
no treatment
154
cha2ds2vasc 1 point and male (for anticoag with af)
offer anticoagulation
155
cha2ds2vasc >2 points (for anticoag with af)
offer anticoagulation
156
rate control for af + heart failure
digoxin
157
atrial fibrillation rhythm control
amiodarone, catheter ablation
158
is patent ductus arteriosus cyanotic
no
159
is coarctation of the aorta cyanotic
no
160
example of duct dependent heart defects
pulmonary atresia, tetrology of fallot, hypoplastic left heart
161
atypical endocarditis in farmer's
coxiella burnetti
162
escape rhythm
originates in ventricles, occurs when san firing is low
163
rate control for af - no heart failure
beta blocker
164
example of pharmacological cardioversion for af
amiodarone or flecainide (amiodarone for people with ischaemic heart disease too)
165
type of anticoagulation for af
heparin
166
where artery will the occlusion be in for v5-v6 elevation
left circumflex
167
what imaging to view the ileum in crohn's disease
barium follow through
168
dysphagia to solids and liquids
achalasia
169
management of uc flare up
prednisolone + mesalazine 5 ASA + hydrocortisone
170
drug to prevent variceal rebleed
propanolol
171
pancreatic cancer investigations
abdo us + LFTs, then abdo spiral ct
172
which gi cancers cause clubbing
none
173
which drugs are risk factors for gallstones
penicillin, oesotogen, erythromycin
174
diagnosis of hiatus hernia
us
175
types of hiatus hernia
sliding and paraoesophageal
176
blood test for chronic pancreatitis
faecal elastase
177
when does the exrernal iliac become the femoral artery
when it passes under the inguinal ligament
178
strong bounding pulse, hyperdynamic circulation
septic shock
179
treatment of atrial tachycardia
digoxin
180
most common cause of af
hypokalaemia
