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second year!! > buzzwords > Flashcards

buzzwords Flashcards

1
Q

stuck on appearance of skin lesion

A

basal cell carcinoma

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2
Q

pearly border skin lesion

A

basal cell carcinoma

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3
Q

dermatitis herpetiformis cause

A

coeliac disease

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4
Q

erythema nodosum cause

A

sarcoidosis, UC, TB

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5
Q

Erythematous Bullseye lesion cause

A

lyme disease

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6
Q

Ash Leaf Spots/Shagreen patches

A

Tuberous Sclerosis

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7
Q

Cafe au lait spots

A

Neurofibromatosis Type 1 or 2

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8
Q

Silver scales, extensor surfaces

A

Psoriasis

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9
Q

Cauliflower appearance

A

Plantar warts

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10
Q

Flaccid blisters than can be burst easily to form erythematous erosions

A

Pemphigus Vulgaris

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11
Q

Large tense bullae that are itchy and cannot be burst

A

Bullous Pemphigoid

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12
Q

Heliotrope rash and scaly knuckles

A

Dermatomyositis

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13
Q

Catecholamines in the urine, headaches, hypertension and palpitations

A

Phaeochromocytoma

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14
Q

Tanned skin without being on holiday

A

Addison’s

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15
Q

Signs of hyperthyroidism plus any eye changes, gritty eyes, smooth velvety skin

A

Graves’ disease

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16
Q

Moon face, proximal weakness, stretch marks, buffalo hump, abdo fat

A

Cushings

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17
Q

Ketones on breath (sweet smelling/pear drop breath)

A

DKA

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18
Q

Deep, laboured breathing (Kussmaul breathing)

A

metabolic acidosis (esp DKA)

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19
Q

Psammoma bodies

A

are found in papillary thyroid carcinomas

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20
Q

Butterfly rash

A

SLE

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21
Q

Heat intolerance/palpitations

A

Hyperthyroidism

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22
Q

Cold intolerance/weight gain

A

Hypothyroidism

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23
Q

Anosmia and isolated GnRH deficiency

A

Kallmann’s syndrome

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24
Q

Trousseau sign, Chovstek sign and QT prolongation (on ECG)

A

HYPOCALCAEMIA

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25
Q

Brachydactyly of the 4th metacarpal

A

Pseudohypoparathyroidism

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26
Q

Pencil-in-cup X-ray appearance, sausage fingers

A

Psoriatic Arthritis

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27
Q

Wrist Drop

A

Radial nerve palsy

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28
Q

“Dinner fork” deformity in wrist

A

Displaced Colles fracture

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29
Q

Pain/tenderness in the anatomical snuffbox

A

Scaphoid fracture

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30
Q

“Feels like walking on pebbles”

A

advanced rheumatoid arthritis in the feet - subluxation of the metatarsophalangeal joints

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31
Q

Arthritis + Uveitis + Urethritis

A

Reiter’s Syndrome (Reactive Arthritis)

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32
Q

Foot drop

A

common fibular nerve (peroneal nerve)

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33
Q

Fracture shaft of humerus

A

Radial nerve damaged

34
Q

Fractured neck of humerus

A

Axillary nerve damaged

35
Q

Regimental Badge patch numbness

A

Axillary nerve palsy

36
Q

Malar Rash

A

SLE/mitral stenosis

37
Q

Avascular necrosis

A

Proximal scaphoid, Intracapsular femoral, femoral condyles, humeral head, capitellum and proximal talus

38
Q

Hanging rope sign

A

AVN- perthes

39
Q

Negative birefringent, needle shaped urate crystals

A

Gout

40
Q

Envelope shaped/rhomboid, mildly positive birefringent Ca pyrophosphate crystals

A

Pseudogout

41
Q

Positive anterior drawer test

A

ACL tear/rupture

42
Q

Pain in internal rotation and extension of knee at 90 degree

A

lateral meniscal tear

43
Q

Painful arc (pain on abducting between about 70-120 degrees)

A

damaged supraspinatus tendon, frozen shoulder

44
Q

Dry eyes, mouth, skin, +ve Schirmer’s test

A

Sjogren’s Synd.

45
Q

Dry eyes, mouth, vagina, bronchitis

A

Sicca Synd

46
Q

Locked knee

A

bucket handle meniscal tear

47
Q

Bamboo spine on X RAY, and sacroiliitis

A

Ank Spond

48
Q

Question mark posture

A

Ank Spond

49
Q

“Onion-peel” sign

A

Ewing’s sarcom

50
Q

“Sunray” spiculation

A

Osteosarcoma

51
Q

“Popcorn calcification” on X Ray

A

Chondrosarcoma

52
Q

“Soap bubble” appearance on X Ray

A

Giant cell tumour (benign)

53
Q

scalp tenderness and jaw claudication

A

GCA

54
Q

fluid level behind ear drum

A

otitis media with effusion

55
Q

feeling of fullness in ear

A

meniere’s disease

56
Q

loss of corneal reflex (+sensorineural hearing loss, vertigo and tinnitus)

A

acoustic neuroma associated with neurofibromatosis type 2

57
Q

Vertigo on rotation movement of head

A

BPPV (benign paroxysmal positional vertigo)

58
Q

“Battle sign”

A

bruising on skull, very specific to mastoid process of temporal bone fractures

59
Q

Pearly white on otoscopy and foul, cheesy discharge

A

cholesteatoma

60
Q

what diabetic drug is weight neutral

A

DPP-IV inhibitor (sitagliptin)

61
Q

Strawberry-milkshake blood

A

Diabetic hyperlipidaemia

62
Q

Are Ca, phosphate and ALP high/low/normal in Paget’s?

A

Normal Ca
Normal phosphate

High ALP

63
Q

Which hormone forms the basis of pregnancy tests?

A

hCG

64
Q

Which hormone tests for fertility?

A

Progesterone

65
Q

Are Ca, phosphate and ALP high/low/normal in osteomalacia/rickets?

A

Low Ca
Low phosphate

High AL

66
Q

saddle nose deformity

positive cANCA

A

granulomatosis with polyangiits

67
Q

granular appearance on immunofluorescence

A

Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis

68
Q

Cherry Red Spot at the macula

A

Central Retinal Artery Occlusion

69
Q

“Tear drop” sign

A

blow-out fracture

70
Q

Pain on eye movement

A

optic neuritis, most commonly caused by MS

71
Q

management of optic neuritis

A

steroids

72
Q

flashes and floaters

A

retinal detachment

73
Q

Edward’s syndrome chromosone

A

Chromosome 18

74
Q

Patau syndrome chromosome

A

chromosome 13

75
Q

Solitary firm papule/nodule that dimples on pinching

A

dermatofibroma

76
Q

quinsy management

A

IV antibiotics and surgical drainage

77
Q

management for overactive bladder

A

antimuscarinic drugs

78
Q

tumour markers of testicular cancer

A 
Alpha-fetoprotein – teratomas (not in pure seminomas)
Beta-hCG – may be raised in both teratomas and seminomas
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) very non-specific tumour marker
79
Q

Acute bacterial prostatitis

A

acute infection in the prostate, presenting with a more rapid onset of symptoms

80
Q

Chronic prostatitis

A

symptoms lasting for at least 3 months

81
Q

Acute bacterial prostatitis presentation

A 
Fever
Myalgia- lower back pain 
Nausea
Fatigue
Sepsis
Pain on passing urine 
Tender, boggy prostate?
82
Q

investigations for prostatitis

A

Urine dipstick testing
Urine microscopy, culture and sensitivities (MC&S)
Chlamydia and gonorrhoea NAAT testing

second year!! (7 decks)

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