Buzz words cardio Flashcards

1
Q

Patient has fever and pleuritic chest pain that is relieved by sitting up and leaning
forward

A

Pericarditis

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2
Q

Irregularly irregular pulse

A

Atrial Fibrillation

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3
Q

ECG - saw tooth baseline + 150 bpm →

A

Atrial Flutter

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4
Q

Raised JVP/hepatojugular →

A

Right-sided heart failure

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5
Q

sense of impending doom

A

MI

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6
Q

Saddle shaped ST elevation →

A

Pericarditis

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7
Q

Broad complex tachycardia →

A

Ventricular problem

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8
Q

Mid-diastolic murmur with a tapping, undisplaced apex

A

mitral stenosis

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9
Q

PMHx of rheumatic fever

A

mitral stenosis

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10
Q

Broad QRS with slurred upstroke on R wave (delta wave) →

A

Wolff-Parkinson-White
syndrome

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11
Q

. Tall, tented T waves →

A

Hyperkalaemia (and wide QRS complexes

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12
Q

Patient gets pericarditis 4-6 weeks post MI. Relieved by sitting forward. Diffuse
saddle shaped ST elevation 

A

Dressler’s syndrome

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13
Q

‘Blurred yellowing vision headache” →

A

digoxin toxicity

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14
Q

Janeway Lesions/Osler’s Nodes →

A

(Subacute bacterial) infective endocarditis

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15
Q

Continuous Machine like Heart Murmur →

A

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

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16
Q

Rib Notching on CXR →

A

Coarctation of the aorta

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17
Q

Crescendo decrescendo murmur →

A

Aortic Stenosis

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18
Q

Slow rising pulse –

A

aortic stenosis

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19
Q

Alcohol/dilated cardiomyopathy 

A

pan-systolic murmur (mitral regurgitation)

20
Q

Early diastolic murmur 

A

aortic regurgitation

21
Q

Diminished absent lower limb pulses

A

Coarctation of the aorta

22
Q

Radio-femoral delay =

A

coarctation of the aorta

23
Q

. Radio-radial delay =

A

coarctation or aortic dissection

24
Q

Systolic murmur, radiates to the neck 

A

aortic stenosis

25
. Sudden tearing/ripping chest pain, radiates to back 
aortic dissection
26
. Soft S1 =
mitral regurgitation
27
. Soft S2 =
aortic stenosis
28
‘Jones criteria’; migratory polyarthiritis, carditis, subcutaneous nodules, erythema marginatum of skin =
rheumatic heart disease
29
Mitral stenosis caused by CRAP:
congenital, rheumatic and prosthetic valve
30
Mitral stenosis =
mid-diastolic rumbling murmur
31
. Tetralogy of fallot =
RVH, ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis and overriding aorta. Commonest cause of congenital cyanotic heart disease
32
Side effect of ACEI-
dry cough, Contraindicated in Renal artery stenosis
33
. Collapsing pulse –
aortic regurgitation
34
slow rising pulse –
aortic stenosis
35
. splinter haemorrhages –
infective endocarditis
36
Atrial myxoma -
a noncancerous tumour in the upper left or right side of the heart; most often grows on the wall that separates the two sides of the heart
37
Cardiac tamponade -
collection of blood/fluid/pus/clots/gas around the heart/pericardial space that prevents contractions. Medical emergency.
38
Treatment of pericarditis -
pain relief; NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
39
. Reactive arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis =
Aortic regurgitation
40
Left sided heart failure on examination = MAT CAT.
Mitral regurgitation, apex displaced, tachycardic, crackles bilateral and basal, auscultation 3rd heart sound, tachypnoea.
41
Triphasic systolic and diastolic murmur=
acute pericarditis
42
Distended heart sounds/muffled heart sounds, distended JVP, low blood pressure=
cardiac tamponade
43
Bicuspid valve-
aortic stenosis
44
Causes of Atrial Fibrillation -
A - Alcohol T - Thyroid problems R - Rheumatic fever I - Idiopathic A - Atrial myxoma L - Lung (P.E, emphysema) F - Pheochromocytoma I - Ischaemia B - Blood pressure
45
4 H's and 4T’s for reversible causes of cardiac arrest
Hypovolaemia Hypothermia Hyperkalaemia/hypokalaemia Hypoxia Tamponade Tension pneumothorax Thromboembolism Toxin