business Flashcards
transformation process and added value
the process of inputs into outputs
added value is the amount added on to inputs
key inputs for transformation process
land , labour , capital , enterprise
transformation process chain
raw material -> manufactoring -> distribrution -> retailer -> consumer
industry sectors
raw material = primary sector - extract or develops natural resources such as timber
manufacturing = secondary sector - using primary sector materials to build
distribution and retailer = tertiary - provide the services needed to meet the needs
breakeven output
fixed costs / profit per unit
the margin of safety
is the difference between the breakeven out put and the actual output
types of management styles
autocratic/authoritarian = makes decisions without consulting staff
paternalistic = gives attention to the needs of their workers
democratic = involves staff in decision making
laissez-faire = lets staff make their own decisions
the tannenbaum-schmidt continuum
tell, sell, consult, joins
stakeholder mapping
x-axis = stakeholder interest monitor , keep informed y axis = stakeholder power keep satisified
qualitive data
research into the attitudes and opinions of consumers that influence their purchasing behaviour
quantitive data
the collection of information on consumers views
stratified sampling
dividing a population into smaller sub sections
quota sampling
deliberately chosen from sub sections
confidence level
an indication of how accurate the research findings are e.g 80%=80%confidence that the results are accurate
confidence interval
the possible range of outcomes for a given confidence
elasticity
measure of the responsiveness of demand to a change in variable