Burns Flashcards
1
Q
superficial partial thickness burn
A
- first and second degree burns
- involves the epidermis and possible portions of the upper dermis
- red or bright pink, blistered, soft, and wet
- sensation intact
- re-epithelialization in 2 weeks (no graft needed)
2
Q
deep partial thickness burn
A
- deep second degree burn
- involves epidermis and a deeper portion of the dermis
- mottled red or waxy white, soft, wet, and elastic
- sensation may or may not be present
- re-epithelialization in 3-6 weeks (graft may expedite)
3
Q
full thickness burn
A
- third degree burn
- involves the epidermis and entire dermis including hair follicles, nerve endings, and epithelial bed
- sensation absent (nerve endings destroyed)
- white or tan, waxy, dry or leathery, and rigid
- re-epithelialization impossible; skin graft required
4
Q
full thickness burn with subdermal injury
A
- fourth degree burn (electrical injury)
- involves deep tissue damage to fat, muscle, or possible bone
- require extensive debridement of necrotic tissue followed by skin grafting
- amputation may be necessary
5
Q
classic burn deformity resulting from edema and poor positioning
A
wrist flexion, MP hyperextension, IP flexion, thumb adduction, and a flattened palmar arch
6
Q
burn scar management
A
- goal is to modulate scars as much as possible to achieve a flat, smooth, supple, and cosmetically acceptable scar
- can be achieved through use of compression, silicone products, massage, and physical agent modalities
7
Q
burn scar management precautions
A
- do not apply silicone over open wounds or fragile skin
- care must be taken with heat modalities because scars may have diminished sensation and heat intolerance. Never use on open wounds or broken skin.
8
Q
burn dressings
A
- used to protect the wound and provide and optimum environment for healing
- selection of dressings depends on type and status of wound and physician’s preference
- infection control, comfort, wound immobilization, fluid absorption, debridement, and early pressure
