Burns Flashcards
In patients with burn wounds covered in eschars, the topical agent of choice is:
Mafenide acetate
- it’s effective as a treatment and prophylactic regimen
- can also be used to treat partial thickness burns
What is the Parkland formula?
Fluid in first 24hrs: 4x(patient’s weight in kg)x(%BSA)
-1st half given within 1st 8hrs and remaining half is given over next 16hrs
The most common side effect of mafenide acetate is
Metabolic acidosis
Determining which topical agent to use is based on what two features of burn wounds?
Thickness and total body surface area
Which medication is most commonly used to treat partial thickness burns? What is an alternative treatment?
Silver sulfadiazine
Silver nitrate
-doesn’t penetrate eschars
Which topical medication is used to treat superficial partial thickness burns on the face? What is an alternative choice?
Neomycin
-it has a very low penetration for deeper wounds
Polymyxin B
Which topical agent is associated with nephrotoxicity when used on larger burn surfaces?
Polymyxin B
Deep second degree (or full thickness) are characterized by:
Wounds that extend through most of the dermis but not all the way into the epidermis
-appear blistered or weeping, and patients experience significant pain
The treatment of deep second degree burn wounds is
Early excision and skin grafting
What depth of injury qualifies a third degree burn
Injury to the subcutaneous tissue
What depth of injury qualifies a second degree burn
Extension into but not through the dermis
–require excision all debridement and grafting if dermal appendages are lost
What depth of injury qualifies a first degree burn
Epidermis is affected only
What is the mechanism of action of mafenide acetate? What’s the side effect it causes?
MoA: inhibits carbonic anhydrade
Side effect: metabolic acidosis
