Burnout

Question 1

Define Burnout

Answer 1

A withdrawal from sport noted by a reduced sense
of accomplishment, devaluation/resentment of
sport, and physical/psychological exhaustion

Question 2

Who came up with the 3 dimensions of burnout

Answer 2

Raedeke & Smith (2001)

Question 3

Name the 3 Dimension of Burnout (Raedeke & Smith, 2001)

Answer 3

> Physical and Emotional Exhaustion (PEE)
Reduced Sense of Accomplishment (RA)
Sport Devaluation (DV)

Question 4

Define Physical and Emotional Exhaustion (PEE)

Answer 4

Exhaustion that is enduring and remains following routine recovery

Question 5

Define Reduced Sense of Accomplishment (RA)

Answer 5

Failure to achieve personal goals or performances that are below
expectations

Question 6

Define Sport Devaluation (DV)

Answer 6

Loss of interest – “Don’t care” attitude

Question 7

Describe the experience of Burnout

Answer 7

A negative balance of resources to demands, leads to PEE. As athletes experience the feeling of insecurity they work harder, which increases PEE. The ensuing exhaustion and declining performance will then lead to the RA and finally DV.

Question 8

Name two consequences of Burnout

Answer 8

> Health: No evidence from sport literature on health-related outcomes
Performance: Burnout impacts quality of National teams through early retirement of performers and coaches (Feigley, 1984)

Question 9

Name the 2 schools of thought, when it comes to explaining the causes of Burnout

Answer 9

1. Stress-induced: Burnout manifests through exposure to chronic stress
2. Non-stress induced: Stress is symptom, but it is not causal

Question 10

What did Smith (1986) suggest?

Answer 10

The Cognitive-Affective Model

Question 11

What does the Cognitive-Affective Model

Answer 11

> Stress-induced: Burnout manifests as a product of chronic stress exposure
Participation in activities continues if they are favourable:
- Costs-rewards of current vs. costs-rewards of alternative

Question 12

What did Scmidt & Stein (1991) suggest?

Answer 12

The Sport Commitment Model (Schmidt and Stein, 1991)

Question 13

How can you describe the Sport Commitment Model (Schmidt & Stein, 1991)

Answer 13

It is a non-stress induced model, it suggests that burnout is a consequence of entrapment

Question 14

Name the two types of sporting commitment in the Sport Commitment Model

Answer 14

Sport attraction (wants to be involved)
Sport entrapment (feel they have to be involved)

Question 15

What did Ryan & Deci (2000) suggest?

Answer 15

The self-determination theory

Question 16

How can you describe the Self-Determination Theory

Answer 16

It is a non‐stress induced model, which suggests burnout results from
low quality motivation

Question 17

What does the self-determination theory suggest motivation is influenced by?

Answer 17

Motivation is influenced by:
– Autonomy
> feelings of personal choice or control
– Competence
> sense of success and being effective in
one’s environment
– Relatedness
> social connection to others reflected by
feelings of acceptance and belonging

Question 18

What else does the self-determination theory suggest?

Answer 18

Environments that inhibit or thwart these factors

will increase burnout