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Burgundy Flashcards

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1
Q

Chablis Soil?

A

Kimmeridgean. What the French call argilo-calcaire; a mixture of limestone and clay; containing a multitude of tiny fossilized oyster shells.

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2
Q

Chablis Grands Crus Production?

A

Surface area 103;91 ha Total Production (2005) 5;032 hl; Maximum Yield 45 hl/ha.

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3
Q

Chablis Grands Crus?

A

Bougros; Preuses; Vaudésir; Grenouilles; Valmur; Les Clos; and Blanchots.

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4
Q

Largest Chablis Grand Cru?

A

Les Clos is the largest of the grands crus; and it is generally agreed that Les Clos is the best grand cru.

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5
Q

La Moutonne?

A

Small vineyard; monopole of Domaine Long-Depaquit divided between two of the Grand Cru climats: Preuses and Vaudesir; it may be labeled as Chablis Grand Cru without the need to refer to either Preuses or Vaudesir.

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6
Q

Smallest Chablis Grand Cru?

A

Les Grenouilles

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7
Q

Chablis Premiers Crus production?

A

Surface area 775 ha Total Production (2005) 44;094 hl; Maximum Yield 50 hl/ha. Today; there are forty lieux-dits; but generally only seventeen names in common usage.

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8
Q

The best Chablis Premiers Crus?

A

Fourchaume; Montée de Tonnerre and Mont de Milieu.; They all lie on the right bank of the Serein; on either side of the grands crus; facing southwest just as the grands crus do.

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9
Q

Chablis production?

A

Surface area 3.163 ha Total Production (2005) 186;377 hl; Maximum Yield 50 hl/ha.

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10
Q

Petit Chablis production?

A

Surface area 713 ha Total Production (2005) 41;883 hl; Maximum Yield 50 hl/ha.

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11
Q

Côte Chalonnaise (Région de Mercurey)?

A

The area covers land in forty-four communes in the Saône-et-Loire. This covers red and rosé wines from Pinot Noir and white wines from Chardonnay and Aligoté. If made from Aligoté; it must say so on the label.

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12
Q

The Côte Chalonnaise Terroir?

A

A mixture of different limestones and gravel and limestone mixed with clay.

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13
Q

Côte Chalonnaise principal villages?

A

The main wine villages; each with its own separate appellation contrôlée; are Bouzeron (for Aligoté only) Rully; Mercurey; Givry and Montagny.

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14
Q

Rully?

A

Rully produces roughly 65 percent white wine and 35 percent red. Nineteen vineyards in the village; one-sixth of the total; are designated premiers crus; with Grésigny; Rabourcé; and Les Cloux being the most frequently seen.

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15
Q

Mercurey?

A

Very big commune; majority of the wine is red; very little white is produced.

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16
Q

Mercurey Premier Cru?

A

Around a quarter of Mercurey’s vineyard is classified as Premier Cru; accounting for 30 officially recognized and delimited climats; and they cover 149 ha for reds and 19 ha for white wines.

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17
Q

Givry?

A

Most of the wine is red; around 1/10 of production is white. There are around 30 named Givry Premier Cru vineyard sites; best of them are Clos Marceaux; Clos Salomon; and Clos Jus.

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18
Q

Montagny?

A

Only Chardonnay is allowed; potentially the best as well as the most substantial white wine of the Côte Chalonnaise. 202 ha is devoted for production of Premier Cru wines and 104 ha for village wines.

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19
Q

Montagny Premier Cru?

A

The individually best known; and largest; is Les Coères. There are 53 slopes deemed premier cru; however; in 2004; only twenty-one different first growths were declared.

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20
Q

Mâconnais Varieties?

A

Mâconnais is a white-wine district in essence (Chardonnay); some 25 percent of the vines planted here are in fact Gamay; and a further 7.5 percent are Pinot Noir.

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21
Q

Macon Villages?

A

Macon Villages AC or Macon + village name AC may be applied only to a white wine from one of 43 different villages and these are some of the world’s most delicious; thirst-quenching; easy-drinking; dry Chardonnay wines.

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22
Q

Pouilly-Fuisse?

A

This is the most distinctive wine of the Maconnais; being produced in a series of amphitheatre-like slopes; which act as natural suntraps. The wines are among the richest in Burgundy; achieving up to 13.5% ABV. Of all the wines of the Maconnais; these benefit most from barrel-ageing.

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23
Q

Pouilly-Fuissé Communes?

A

Communes of Fuissé; Solutré (which includes the hamlet of Pouilly); Vergisson; and Chaintré.

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24
Q

Pouilly Fuisse best vineyards?

A

La Roche; Les Vignes Blanches; Aux Chailloux and Les Crays. There is no Premier Cru system within the appellation.

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25
Q

Saint-Veran?

A

This appellation was introduced in 1971 to provide a more suitable outlet for white wines produced in Beaujolais than the Beaujolais Blanc appellation. All Saint-Veran wines are made exclusively from the Chardonnay.

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26
Q

Viré-Clessé?

A

The appellation’s laws permitted only the driest of white wines (those with less than 3g/L of residual sugar); anything less than bone dry must be labeled as Macon or Macon Villages. The label may also include the phrase “Vin de Mâcon” or “Grand vin de Mâcon”.

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27
Q

Pouilly-Loché?

A

Pouilly-Loché is a small appellation of 29 ha planted with Chardonnay which may be sold under the name of Pouilly-Vinzelles (but not vice versa).

28
Q

Pouilly-Loché best vineyards?

A

The most commonly cited are Les Mures; Clos des Rocs and La Colonge. There is no formal Premier Cru system within the appellation.

29
Q

Pouilly-Vinzelles?

A

The wines of Pouilly-Vinzelles; like those of its immediate neighbors; are dry whites made exclusively from the Chardonnay grape variety. They are similar in style to the archetypal white Burgundy - lightly fruity with subtle mineral undertones - and are generally aged in oak.

30
Q

Mâcon (Village Name) AOC?

A

This appellation differs from the Mâcon-Villages AOC (which may attach a village name and has to be white) in that it covers a slightly larger range of villages; the names of which must (rather than may) be indicated on the label; and it applies only to red and rosé wines.

31
Q

Irancy?

A

Just a short distance to the west of Chablis; specifically for red wines made from Pinot Noir; with a permitted 10% addition of Cesar.

32
Q

Saint-Bris?

A

White wine appellation for crisp; cool-climate wines made from the Sauvignon Blanc and Sauvignon Gris grape varieties.

33
Q

Bourgogne Chitry?

A

Whites : 36.08 ha; Reds and rosés : 50.42 ha. Regional appellation of the Auxerrois district (dept. of Yonne). Reds and rosés - Pinot Noir; Whites - Chardonnay.

34
Q

Bourgogne Côte Saint-Jacques?

A

Regional appellation of the Joigny vineyard district (dept. of Yonne). Reds and rosés : 11.94 ha; Whites : less than 0.42 ha. Red and gris wines - Pinot Noir and Pinot Gris. White wines - Chardonnay.

35
Q

Most northerly vineyard of Burgundy?

A

The most northerly vineyard of Burgundy and the nearest to Paris; the Côte Saint-Jacques at Joigny commune.

36
Q

Bourgogne Côtes d’Auxerre?

A

Regional appellation of the Auxerrois district (dept. of Yonne). Red and rosé wines - Pinot Noir (117.01 ha) and White wines - Chardonnay (76.06 ha).

37
Q

Beaujolais terroir?

A

The region can be conveniently bisected according to terroir; with the Nizerand; which flows west-east across the region into the Saône; providing a convenient marker of the division. Bas Beaujolais and Haut Beaujolais.

38
Q

Bas Beaujolais?

A

To the south; the Bas Beaujolais is characterised by sandstone; limestone; sand and clay; the topography is flatter than further north; and the soils richer; the wines here have the generic Beaujolais appellation.

39
Q

Haut Beaujolais?

A

North of the Nizerand is a land of rolling hills affording the vines a more favourable aspect and drainage; and the soils here are renowned for its granite-based soil; the only type on which the Gamay has so far excelled. The topsoils are often schistous or comprised of decomposed granite mixed with sand and clay. Much of the wine has the Beaujolais Villages appellation; although there are also ten crus here.

40
Q

Beaujolais pruning system?

A

The vines are trained and pruned to the Gobelet system which gives them a totally different appearance from those in the rest of Burgundy.

41
Q

Beaujolais Varieties?

A

Gamay Noir à Jus Blanc (so called to distinguish it from the relatively widely planted red-fleshed Gamay teinturiers) accounts for about 98 per cent of the Beaujolais vineyard. Virtually all the rest is Chardonnay; although Aligoté is also allowed until 2024; just as the tiny amount of Pinot Noir planted may be allowed in Beaujolais until 2015.

42
Q

Beaujolais Primeur?

A

More than half of all the Beaujolais produced by intensive semi carbonic maceration methods that enable it to be consumed in export markets from the third Thursday of each November.

43
Q

Beaujolais Nouveau?

A

Synonymous with “Beaujolais Primeur”; the name more often seen on export market labels; while Primeur is more popular on the French market itself.

44
Q

Beaujolais Blanc?

A

Less than half of one percent of the production of basic Beaujolais appellation consists of dry white wine.

45
Q

Beaujolais Villages?

A

The 38 villages that may add their names to the Beaujolais AOC also have the right to this appellation and must use it if the wine is a blend of wines from two or more villages.

46
Q

Beaujolais Villages Blanc?

A

Very little white wine encountered; but more Villages blanc is produced than Beaujolais blanc. These wines may be sold as primeur or nouveau from the third Thursday of November following the harvest from Chardonnay and Aligoté.

47
Q

Name Beaujolais crus villages?

A

Brouilly; Côte de Brouilly; Fleurie; Juliénas; Morgon; Moulin-à-Vent; Régnié; St.-Amour; Chénas; and Chiroubles.

48
Q

The largest Beaujolais crus village?

A

Brouilly. This is the only one; with Côte de Brouilly; to permit grapes other than Gamay. (Chardonnay; Aligoté; and Melon de Bourgogne).

49
Q

The smallest of the cru Beaujolais?

A

Chénas

50
Q

Beaujolais cru named after Julius Caesar?

A

Juliénas

51
Q

Where is vineyard Mont du Py situated?

A

Morgon

52
Q

Which village is known as the “King of Beaujolais”?

A

Moulin-à-Vent

53
Q

Coteaux du Lyonnais?

A

The red wines are produced from the Gamay grape variety using carbonic maceration; small amount of white wine is made under the appellation; from Chardonnay and Aligote; and occasionally an addition of Pinot Blanc.

54
Q

Top-performing traditional Burgundy négociants?

A

Bouchard Père; Drouhin; Boisset; Louis Jadot; and Leroy; who have not only enlarged their own domaines but have also taken an increasingly proactive role in the vineyards of their suppliers; tending now to buy in grapes or must rather than wines.

55
Q

New-wave growers-merchants in Burgundy?

A

Jean-Marc Boillot; Michel Colin; Bernard Morey; and Sauzet; who tend to buy grapes to expand their range of single-vineyard wines.

56
Q

Burgundy production breakdown?

A

Grand Cru 2% (35 hl/ha); Premier Cru 12% (45 hl/ha); Village wines 36% (50 hl/ha)

57
Q

Burgundy Regional Appellations?

A

Regional appellation wines are a base of the hierarchy and will always have the word Bourgogne in the title. Ascending hierarchy: Bourgogne Grand Ordinaire; Bourgogne Aligote; Bourgogne Passetoutgrains; Bourgogne Rouge and Bourgogne Blanc.

58
Q

Bourgogne Grand Ordinaire?

A

Majority is red wine from Gamay grape; if white it is likely to be made from Muscadet (Melon de Bourgogne) blended with Aligote.

59
Q

Bourgogne Aligote?

A

While the primary grape is Aligoté; AOC regulations allow up to 15% Chardonnay to be blended into these wines.

60
Q

Bourgogne Passetoutgrains?

A

Literally “chuck all the grapes in together”; must contain more that 30% Pinot noir; more than 15% Gamay; and the proportion of other allowable grapes (Chardonnay; Pinot blanc and Pinot gris) must be less than 15%. Most is red although rosé wine may also be produced.

61
Q

District appellations?

A

They are a step up the hierarchy from Regional appellation and do not include the word Bourgogne; for example Macon.

62
Q

Bourgogne Cotes de Nuits Villages?

A

They can be a red or a white wine and is produced from those vineyards that lie on the Cote; but do not have right to one of the village appellations. Very little white is made.

63
Q

Bourgogne - Hautes-Cotes de Nuits?

A

This wines are coming from 18 villages situated in the hills behind the vineyards of the Cote. Production of whites and rose is as little as five percent.

64
Q

Bourgogne Cotes de Beaune Village?

A

An important wine for the negociants as it can be blended in large quantities. It must be red and it can come from any one; or a combination; of the villages on the Cote de Beaune; except Aloxe-Corton; Beaune; Pommard and Volnay.

65
Q

Bourgogne - Hautes-Cotes de Beaune?

A

Regional appellation that directly parallels Hautes-Cotes de Nuits. White wines are not very frequently encountered.

66
Q

Bourgogne Cote Chalonnaise?

A

Applies to all wines made on the Cote from Pinot Noir and Chardonnay.

France Wine (14 decks)

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