buncha meds Flashcards
nimodipine (Nimotop)
MOA only
MOA: CCB - counters vasospasms by preventing Ca from entering smooth muscle cells + causing contraction (CVA)
ticlopidine (Ticlid)
MOA: anti-platelet
ticlopidine considerations
aka Ticlid
AE: assoc w agranulocytosis, thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura, GI intolerance
pyridostigmine (Prostigmin)
MOA: anticholinesterase - block hydrolysis of ACh
indication: symptomatic improvement in myasthenia gravis
edrophonium (Tensilon)
MOA: ultra short-acting AChE inhbitor
indication: distinguish between myasthenia crisis & cholinergic crisis
carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet)
MOA: increase available dopamine
indication: Parkinson’s Disease mgmt
amantadine (Symmetryl)
MOA: increase available dopamine
indication: Parkinson’s Disease mgmt
pramipexole (Mirapex)
MOA: increase available dopamine
indication: Parkinson’s Disease mgmt
ropinirole (Requip)
MOA: increase available dopamine
indication: Parkinson’s Disease mgmt
benztropine (Cogentin)
MOA: anticholinergic (alleviate tremor, rigidity)
indication: Parkinson’s Disease mgmt
trihexyphenyldyl (Artane)
MOA: anticholinergic (alleviate tremor, rigidity)
indication: Parkinson’s Disease mgmt
donepezil (Aricept) = memory improvement
MOA: acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
indication: Alzheimer’s (specifically, memory improvement)
rivastigmine (Exelon)
MOA: acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
indication: Alzheimer’s
albuterol (Proventil)
MOA: short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist (SABA), bronchodilates
indication: asthma rescue, sx relief/breakthrough, or pre-exercise; or inpt mgmt
budesonide (Pulmicort)
MOA: inhaled corticosteroid
indication: daily maintenance tx for asthma + increase if sx persist
triamcinolone (Azmacort)
MOA: inhaled corticosteroid
indication: daily maintenance tx for asthma + increase if sx persist
salmeterol (Serevent)
MOA: long-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist (LABA)
indication: persistent asthma symptoms
ipratropium bromide (Atrovent)
MOA: inhaled anticholinergic
indication: asthma adjunct for secretion mgmt, also inpt mgmt
montelukast (Singulair)
MOA: antileukotriene
indication: chronic asthma - stabilization
alupent
MOA: inhalation sympathomimetic
indication: inpt mgmt of asthma
methylprednisolone 60 - 125 mg IV
MOA: corticosteroid
indication: inpt mgmt of asthma for pts who do not respond to sympathomimetics
aqueous epinephrine 1:1000 0.1 - 0.5 mL SQ
MOA: parenteral sympathomimetic
indication: asthma tx for inpt unable to cooperate
TB drug doses
Rifampin 600 mg
Isoniazid 300 mg
Pyrazinamide 1.5 - 2.0 g
Ethambutol 15 mg/kg
hydrocodone-APAP: generic for which 2 brands
Vicodin, Lortab
amitriptyline (Elavil) class x2
antidepressant & neuropathic pain
sumatriptan (Imitrex)
MOA: triptan, 5-HT agonist
uses: acute migraine
acetazolamide (Diamox)
MOA: carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, inhibits renal tubule H+ excretion (increases Na, K, bicarb, H2O excretion) producing alkaline diuresis
uses: metabolic alkalosis
dantrolene sodium (Dantrium) is a treatment for
Serotonin Syndrome
diazepam
Valium
lorazepam
Ativan
midazolam
Versed
butorphanol (Stadol) use
opioid toxicity reversal
flumazenil (Romazicon) use
benzo toxicity reversal
calcineurin inhibitors x2
tacrolimus (Prograft)
cyclosporine
can use for transplant rejection prophylaxis
antimetabolites x 2
azathioprine (Imuran) mycophenolate mofetil (Cellcept)
can use for transplant rejection prophylaxis
glipizide (Glucotrol)
MOA: sulfonylurea - stimulate pancreas to release more insulin
indication: diabetic oral agent
glyburide (Diabeta)
MOA: sulfonylurea - stimulate pancreas to release more insulin
indication: diabetic oral agent
glimepiride (Amaryl)
MOA: sulfonylurea - stimulate pancreas to release more insulin
indication: diabetic oral agent
acarbose (Precose)
MOA: alpha-glucosidase inhibitor - bind to disaccharidases more readily than sucrose, therefore less glucose absorbed by gut
indication: oral antidiabetic
miglitol (Glyset)
MOA: alpha-glucosidase inhibitor - bind to disaccharidases more readily than sucrose, therefore less glucose absorbed by gut
indication: oral antidiabetic
rosiglitazone maleate (Avandia)
MOA: “glitazone” - decrease gluconeogenesis
indication: oral antidiabetic
pioglitazone hydrochloride (Actos)
MOA: “glitazone” - decrease gluconeogenesis
indication: oral antidiabetic
repaglinide (Prandin)
MOA: non-sulfonylurea insulin release stimulator - rapidly abs from intestine & mimics effect of rapid-acting insulin
indication: indication: oral antidiabetic
nateglinide (Starlix)
MOA: non-sulfonylurea insulin release stimulator - rapidly abs from intestine & mimics effect of rapid-acting insulin
indication: indication: oral antidiabetic
ACE inhibitor MOA*
block RAAS system @ angiotensin II
thiazide diuretics MOA*
⊣ reabs Na + Cl in distal tubule → ↑ urinary excretion Na + H2O
Direct arteriolar vasodilation.
loop diuretics MOA*
K EXCRETED
⊣ reabs Na + Cl in proximal + distal tubules + loop of Henle (Na-K-Cl co-transporter = K reabs)
interferes with Cl-binding cotransport system, → ↑ excretion Na, H2O, Ca, Mg, Cl
spironolactone MOA*
K SPARED
competes with aldosterone @ distal tubule receptors
↑ Na Cl + H2O excretion while conserving K + H
diltiazem class
CCB
amlodipine class
CCB
prazosin (Minipress)
MOA: alpha-1 antagonist - causes vasodilation
indication: BPH, htn adjunct
terazosin (Hytrin)
MOA: alpha-1 antagonist - causes vasodilation
indication: BPH, htn adjunct
doxazosin (Cardura)
MOA: alpha-1 antagonist - causes vasodilation
indication: BPH, htn adjunct
clonidine (Catapres)
MOA: central alpha-2 agonist - prevents vasoconstriction, causes vasodilation, negative chronotrope
indication: hypertension adjunct
methyldopa (Aldomet)
MOA: central alpha-2 agonist - prevents vasoconstriction, causes vasodilation, negative chronotrope
indication: hypertension adjunct
minodixil (Loniten)
MOA: arterial vasodilator - directly relaxes vascular smooth muscle → arterial vasodilation
indication: hypertension adjunct
aliskiren (Tekturna)
MOA: direct renin inhibitor - inhibits renin = ↓ plasma renin activity as well as conversion of angiotensinogen I to angiotensin I
indication: hypertension, but avoid because it doesn’t offer advantages compared with others, is expensive, and is a teratogen
nifedipine class
CCB
nicardipine (Cardene) class
CCB
verapamil class
CCB
diltiazem class
CCB
cholestyramine (Questran)
MOA: bile acid sequestrant - mostly ↓ LDL + may ↑ trigs
indication: lipid mgmt for angina tx
colesevelam (Welchol)
MOA: bile acid sequestrant - mostly ↓ LDL + may ↑ trigs
indication: lipid mgmt for angina tx
colestipol (Colestid)
MOA: bile acid sequestrant - mostly ↓ LDL + may ↑ trigs
indication: lipid mgmt for angina tx
gemfibrozil (Lopid)
MOA: fibrate
indication: lipid mgmt for angina tx
fenofibrate (Tricor)
MOA: fibrate
indication: lipid mgmt for angina tx
ezetimibe (Zetia)
MOA: cholesterol absorption inhibitor
indication: use in combo + statin to ↓ LDL