Building Construction Flashcards
Why should you be extra cautions with gang-nailed roof trusses?
They may be severely weakened by fire and because trussed roof are designed to spread the weight of the whole roof across the whole structure any failure means the roof could immediately collapse.
What are the hazards in relation to sandwich panels?
Rapid fire spread
Large amounts of toxic smoke
Sandwich panel involved in fire may suddenly fail
May look more substantial than they are- may not support any weight added to them.
Steel sheets falling from height could injury
Difficult to extinguish
What is the process to follow when hearing the evacuation signal?
On hearing the evacuation signal re ghters will:
• Repeat the signal.
• Withdraw from the area as quickly, and as safely as possible. Crews closest to the potential danger will withdraw rst, whilst crews in least danger protect the exit routes.
• Leave any equipment.
• Report to the booking-in point, (initial command pump or command unit). At the booking-in point, a roll call will be taken to make sure all persons are accounted for.
Name as many signs of building collapse as you can
• The rst signs of impending collapse of a building are often the fall of pieces of mortar, stone, etc. from the walls.
• Floors coming away from the wall.
• The collapse of doors.
• Columns or beams bending or falling.
• Cracks in walls and particularly horizontal cracking.
• Bowing of walls or walls out of vertical.
• Spalling of concrete.
• Collapse of arches above openings.
• Damage or collapse of the wall of a protected shaft.
What building materials are used in construction?
Concrete Glass Stone Timber- Glulam- bonded layers of wood Bricks Metals such as: steel, aluminium, lead, copper and zinc
What temperature would flaming occur on a wooden structure?
Flaming occurs in excess of 350 degrees
At what temperature does steel lose 2/3rds of its strength?
600 degrees
At what temperature does aluminium rapidly lose strength?
100-225 degrees
What is the low melting temperature of lead?
327 degrees
What are the 6 elements of a structure?
Beams Columns Floors- except the lowest one Walls Structure enclosing a protective shaft Galleries
What are the 6 different types of frame construction?
Structural steel frame Reinforced concrete Portal frame Lightweight steel Timber construction Prefabricated or modular systems
