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PRC > Buddhist Beliefs > Flashcards

Buddhist Beliefs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two main Buddhist Traditions?

A
  • Mahayana

- Theravada

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2
Q

What is important with Theravada Buddhism?

A

to become a monk

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3
Q

Can women become fully ordained in Theravada Buddhism?

A

No it is reserved for them men however some women have been ordained

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4
Q

What is the Buddha seen as in Theravada Buddhism

A

The main focus of commitment. he is the guide and is an exemplar for others to follow

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5
Q

Is the Buddha considered to be a god in Theravada Buddhism?

A

NAH G

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6
Q

What do Theravada monks and nuns dedicate their lives too?

A

Reaching enlightenment, achieve nibana and following a number of rules

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7
Q

What rules do Theravada monks and nuns have to follow?

A
  • not to own anything
  • not to have sexual relationships
  • never be offensive to anyone
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8
Q

What do monks and nuns focus on to reach enlightenment?

A

focus on meditation. this will help commitment to the eight fold path and will bring good kamma

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9
Q

Do Theravada Buddhists believe they can transfer kamma?

A

yes, they believe they can share their own good fortune and do this normally when someone has passed away so they can try and get their lost one a favourable rebirth

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10
Q

What do Mahayana Buddhists believe about the Buddha?

A
  • the Buddha remains active and can influence the world

- the Buddha can be encountered through visions and meditations

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11
Q

What is Dharma?

A
  • the teachings of the Buddha

- a way the universe works, like a cosmic law

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12
Q

What does Dharma include?

A
  • three marks of existence
  • four noble truths
  • noble eightfold path
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13
Q

what did the buddha do with dharma?

A

he explained the “cosmic law” and put into words for others to understand.

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14
Q

Define the three marks of existence?

A

Three truths that all living beings have

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15
Q

What are the three marks of existence?

A
  • Anicca
  • Anatta
  • Dukkha
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16
Q

What is Anicca?

A

Everything is impermeant. This means everything is changing, this means life is unsatisfactory.

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17
Q

What is Anatta?

A

This is the idea that there is no soul and it is not permanent, so “you” and “it” is an illusion

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18
Q

What is Dukkha

A

This is the idea that every living being suffers and it is impossible to avoid. If you exist you will suffer.

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19
Q

What is the dependant arising?

A

the idea that everything is caused by something else

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20
Q

Give an example of the dependant arising?

A

Humans rely on trees and trees rely on humans

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21
Q

Define the 5 skhandas

A

5 things Buddhists believe that makes us who we are

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22
Q

What are the 5 skhandas?

A
  • physical form
  • feelings
  • Mental Formation
  • perception
  • Awareness
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23
Q

What is physical form? (The 5 skhandas)

A

Our bodies

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24
Q

What is feelings? (The 5 skhandas)

A

What we feel through our senses

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25
Q

What is perception? (The 5 skhandas)

A

How we understand/experience our feelings

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26
Q

What is mental formations? (The 5 skhandas)

A

Thinking/ coming up with ideas

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27
Q

What is awareness? (The 5 skhandas)

A

Being conscious/ aware of what is happening

28
Q

What is sunyata?

A

Sunyata is emptiness and is the way a person separates themselves from suffering by stopping the desire for things

29
Q

What did the Buddha describe sunyata to be?

A

a ‘void’, with no ‘rising and falling’ of emotion. it is achieved through meditation and is necessary for enlightenment

30
Q

What is the main goal in Buddhism?

A

to reach enlightenment

31
Q

How can Buddhists become enlightened?

A

Following the teachings of wisdom, compassion and loving kindness

32
Q

what is difference with enlightenment in Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism?

A

In Theravada Buddhism, enlightenment is a personal goal, however in Mahayana Buddhism, it is possible to help others reach enlightenment.

33
Q

What can monks become after becoming enlightened in Theravada Buddhism?

A

An Arhat (perfected person)

34
Q

What is Buddha nature in Mahayana Buddhism?

A

Where everyone has Buddha nature and a chance to become enlightened(not just monks) however the journey might take longer.

35
Q

How do monks become arharts? (Theravada Buddhism)

A

by truly understanding the nature of existence, becoming enlightened and achieving nibbana(breaking samsara)

36
Q

what is samsara?

A

the constant cycle of death and rebirth that material life is bound. When broken, nibbana is achieved

37
Q

what is needed to become Arhrts?

A

-monks who lives in a monastery (this means women are unable to become Arharts)

38
Q

what is a bodhisattava?

A

someone who has promised to delay their enlightenment so that they can help others

39
Q

Why is being a bodhisattava considered better then an arhart?

A

It is motivated by love(metta) and compassion(karuna)

40
Q

What are the 4 stages of becoming a bodhisattava?

A

1) declare the intention to delay enlightenment
2) make a vow or promise to become a bodhisattva
3) live as a bodhistavva, developing 6 perfections(charity, morality, patience, energy, meditation, wisdom)
4) become enlightened and achieve buddahood

41
Q

define the 4 noble truths

A

teachings to end human suffering

42
Q

What is the first noble truth?

A

Dukka - all life must involve suffering - this is as anicca causes everything to suffer

43
Q

What is the second noble truth?

A

Tanha - dukka is caused by craving/wanting things - there are three types of craving

44
Q

What are the three types of craving?

A
  • wanting things we do not have
  • wanting to be something we are not
  • wanting something that is not to be
45
Q

What is the third noble truth?

A

Nirodha - to end tanha and dukka (the first and second noble truth) - because everything changes, our desires can never be permanently satisfied. Only by stopping our cravings can we stop our suffering.

46
Q

What is the forth noble truth?

A

Magga - we can end our tanha and our dukkha by following the noble eightfold path. The noble eightfold past will help us to develop qualities such as wisdom and concentration that will allow us to end our suffering

47
Q

What is the Eightfold Path?

A

It is an eight path system for living in Buddhism. Each of the 8 steps is equally important, and together they help a Buddhist achieve enlightenment

48
Q

Define the three fold way

A

A simplified version of the eightfold path

49
Q

What is the three fold way?

A
  • Meditation (Samadhi)
  • Morality/ethics (Slia)
  • Wisodm (Panna)
50
Q

What are the eight parts to the Noble Eightfold Path?

A
  • Right Intention
  • Right View
  • Right Speech
  • Right actioN
  • Right Livelihood
  • Right Effort
  • Right Mindfulness
  • Right Concentration
51
Q

What parts of the Noble Eightfold Path are in the division of Wisdom?

A
  • Right Intention

- Right View

52
Q

What parts of the Noble Eightfold Path are in the division of Morality?

A
  • Right Speech
  • Right Action
  • Right Livelihood
53
Q

What parts of the Noble Eightfold Path are in the division of Meditation?

A
  • Right Effort
  • Right Mindfulness
  • Right Concentration
54
Q

What are the causes of suffering?

A

Craving - tanha

The Three Poisons

55
Q

Why may a Buddhist believe that tanha (craving) is the cause for suffering?

A

as everything changes (anicca), so we can never be satisfied permanently

56
Q

What are the three poisons?

A
  • greed
  • hatred
  • ignorance
57
Q

Why may a Buddhist believe that the three poisons cause suffering?

A

As Buddhists believe that when these are fully overcome, we have reached enlightenment. This leads Buddhists away from these actions.

58
Q

What is Karuna?

A

Compassion - without wisdom, it can lead to harmful actions

59
Q

What is Metta?

A

Loving Kindness - this is developed through meditation

60
Q

What are the 5 precepts?

A
  • do not harm any living being
  • do not take that which isn’t given
  • Avoid sexual misconduct
  • do not use false speech
  • avoid intoxicants
61
Q

What are the six perfections?

A

These are six things Bodhisttavas try to perfect

  • generosity
  • morality
  • patience
  • effort
  • meditation
  • wisdom
62
Q

Who is the demon in the story of the Buddha?

A

mara

63
Q

What 4 stages did Siddarta go through to become enlightened?

A

1) He thought about his past lives
2) Understood the dependent arising
3) Realised the causes of suffering
4) Achieved nibbana - a complete sense of peace

64
Q

What is an acronym for the eightfold path

A

VISA-LEMC

65
Q

What are the three jewls?

A
  • Buddha
  • Dahma
  • Sangha - the comunity

PRC (9 decks)

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