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Religion and Philosophy > Buddhist Beliefs > Flashcards

Buddhist Beliefs Flashcards

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1
Q

What word is used to describe an enlightend persn who chooses to remain in samsara?

A

Bodhisattva

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2
Q

Which type of Buddhists attempt to become Bodhisattvas

A

Mahayana Buddhists

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3
Q

What is dependant arising?

A

Dependant arising is the idea that everything happens depending on certain conditions

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4
Q

What is Dhamma?

A

Dhamma is the buddhists doctrine that includes to the teaching of the buddha about the nature of existence.

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5
Q

What is anicca?

A

Anicca means impermanence and encourages buddhists to accept death and suffering as part of life. T he cycle of birth, life death and rebirth is called samsara.

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6
Q

Explain what is meant by Buddha nature?

A

the idea that everyone can attain Buddhahood

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7
Q

What is samara?

A

Samsara is the buddhist belief in the cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth.

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8
Q

Which word describes the Buddhist belief that the soul doesn’t have a physical existence?

A

anatta

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9
Q

List three events that happen in the Buddhas life

A

He grew up in a life of luxury as the son of a Queen. He was inspired to leave this life by the Four Sights.
After this he lived an ascetic life of self-denial and pain but wasn’t able to become enlightened so left it for the Middle Way between pain and luxury.

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10
Q

Give three of the four noble truths

A

There is suffering
Suffering has a cause
Suffering can come to an end
There is a path to end suffering.

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11
Q

List the 3 poisons

A

a pig, a snake and a cockerel, they represent ignorance, hatred and greed

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12
Q

List three aspects of the eightfold path

A

Right Speech, Right Action, Right Livelihood, Right effort, Right mindfulness, Right concentration, Right understanding, Right intention

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13
Q

List four of the sights Siddartha saw on his trip out the palace?

A

An old man - everyone ages
An ill man – everyone becomes ill
A dead man – all things die
A holy man – the only answer to these problems

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14
Q

Define Anatta?

A

The idea of no self. We don’t have a fixed soul.

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15
Q

What is the term for the immaterial part of you that gets transferred from life to life.

A

Atman

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16
Q

In which country is Pure Land Buddhism the most commonly practised form of Buddhism?

A

Japan

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17
Q

Give three examples of the five aggregates.

A

The Five Aggregates are form, mental formation, perception, consciousness and sensation.

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18
Q

What is dependant arising?

A

Dependent arising is the idea that everything happens depending on certain conditions.

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19
Q

What is dharma?

A

Dhamma is the buddhist doctrine that includes the teaching of the buddha about the nature of existences.

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20
Q

What text contains the life of the buddha?

A

Jakarta tales.

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21
Q

Why did the buddha reject his life of wealth? Give two reasons

A
  1. He saw the 4 sights
  2. He wanted to find the path to enlightenment
22
Q

What is anicca?

A

impermanence

23
Q

How does learning about the life of the buddha influence buddhists today?

A
  1. He set the path to enlightenment- e.g follow the eightfold path- leads to meditation
  2. The buddha is not a God - he was also normal - we too can be enlightened - give up 3 poisons
24
Q

What are teachings about Nirvana?

A
  1. Achieved enlightenment - finding end to suffering - the four noble truths
  2. Out of cycle of Samsara - no longer in the cycle of life death and rebirth
25
Q

What are the three marks of existence and why are they important?

A

Anicca - Tis means instability, or a lack of permanence.
Dukkha - means that everything leads to suffering.
Anatta - This means no soul and is the idea that people can and do change in life.

26
Q

Who is the buddha?

A

An Indian prince named Siddhartha Gautama, who renounced his wealth and social position

27
Q

What is nirvana?

A

liberation from samsara and its limiting conditions.

28
Q

What is samsara?

A

the endless cycle of birth and suffering and death and rebirth

29
Q

What is budhi?

A

to awaken

30
Q

What are the four sights?

A
  1. an old man
  2. a dead man
  3. a sick man
  4. a holy man
31
Q

What does ascetic mean?

A

A person who renounces material comforts to live a self-disciplined live

32
Q

What is the bodhi tree?

A

The tree under which Sidartha Gautama achieved enlightenment

33
Q

What is the middle way?

A

rejects both the pleasures of sensual indulgence and the self-denial of asceticism

34
Q

What is sangha?

A

the Buddhist community of monks and nuns; one of the Three Jewels of Buddhism.

35
Q

What are relics?

A

items of religious devotion, especially a piece of the body

36
Q

What is the dharma?

A

the teachings of the Buddha.

37
Q

What is mahayana buddhist?

A

branch of Buddhism followed in China, Japan, and Central Asia. The focus is on reverence for Buddha and for bodhisattvas

38
Q

What is theravada buddhism?

A

Buddhism followed in Sri Lanka and much of Southeast Asia. Therevada remains close to the original principles set forth by the Buddha

39
Q

Who is King Ashoka?

A

He spread Buddhism across Asia and established monuments to Gautama Buddha

40
Q

What is Vajrayana Buddhism?

A

branch of Buddhism prevalent in Tibet, emphasizes the harnessing of sensual energies to attain nirvana

41
Q

What is a Bodhisattva?

A

anyone who is motivated by compassion and seeks enlightenment not only for him/herself but also for everyone

42
Q

What is a lama?

A

In Tibetan Buddhism, teachers and heads of monasteries

43
Q

Who is the Dalai Lama

A

The head lama of Tibetan Buddhism, the spiritual and political leader of Tibet until 1959

44
Q

What is the Tripitaka?

A

“Three Baskets,” the Pali Canon, Vinaya Pitaka, Sutra Pitaka and Abidharrna Pitaka.

45
Q

What is Vinaya Pitaka?

A

Code of monastic discipline for monks and nuns.

46
Q

What is Sutra Pitaka?

A

Discourses or teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama

47
Q

What is Pali Canon?

A

Authoritative scripture of Theravada Buddhists

48
Q

What is Abidharma Pitaka?

A

An in-depth analysis of Buddhist doctrine

49
Q

What is Dhammapada?

A

“Sayings of the Buddha”

50
Q

What is Lotus Sutra?

A

A Mahayana Buddhist text emphasizing a universal message of compassion

51
Q

What is mandala?

A

Buddhist diagram of the cosmos using sand

Religion and Philosophy (10 decks)

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