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Advanced Drug Delivery > Buccal Drug Delivery > Flashcards

Buccal Drug Delivery Flashcards

1
Q

What parts of the oral cavity are important for drug delivery?

A

Sublingual and Buccal Mucosa

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2
Q

What is the Buccal mucosa?

A

The inside of the mouth that comes in contact with teeth

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3
Q

List the Advantages of Buccal drug delivery

A

Rich blood supply, so rapid drug absorption
Drug delivery can be stopped by simply removing the delivery system from the mouth
Absorbed drug by-passes the liver (no first pass effect)
Delivery systems can be retained for long times, opportunity for sustained release formulation

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4
Q

What is the oral mucosa?

A

The outermost lining of the oral cavity

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5
Q

What are the 3 groups of the oral mucosa?

A

Lining mucosa
Specialised mucosa
Masticating mucosa

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6
Q

What is the lining mucosa?

A

Lining of the cheeks and inner lips

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7
Q

What is the specialised mucosa?

A

Regions of the tongue where taste buds exist
For sensory and taste perception

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8
Q

What is the masticatory mucosa?

A

Hard palate and gingiva
Keratinised

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9
Q

What is the purpose of keratinised mucosa?

A

Present in regions subject to chemical or physical stress
Makes theses regions more resistant to abrasion

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10
Q

How do keratinised mucosa prevent paracellular transport ?

A

Intercellular (between cells) lipids of keratinised tissue are in ordered, lamellar state
Hinders ability of molecules diffusing through this paracellular space

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11
Q

Name 3 areas of the oral cavity that are keratinised?

A

Hard palate
Gingiva
Dorsal surface of the tongue

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12
Q

What is the primary lipid in the keratinised areas of the oral cavity?

A

Ceramides

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13
Q

Why would Buccal delivery be preferred over delivery through skin?

A

Organised array of lipids (ceramides) is the main absorption barrier
But lipids in oral cavity are less organised than in skin
Allows less diffusion resistance to drugs

Route of least penetration resistance is usually preferred for drug delivery

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14
Q

Which layer of mucosa is keratinised?

A

Stratum corneum

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15
Q

What is characteristic of a keratinised area of the mucosa?

A

Lamellar structure
Organised array of ceramides

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16
Q

What type of cells are present in the oral mucosa epithelium?

A

Stratified squamous cells
(Characteristic of a tissue which receives wear)

17
Q

Why is the sublingual Mucosa a good site for drug delivery?

A

Very thin
Immersed in saliva
Offers most rapid absorption

18
Q

How does keratinisation affect drug absorption?

A

Keratinised areas (gingiva, hard palate) are less permeable than non-keratinised areas

19
Q

How do tight junctions affect drug absorption?

A

Tight junctions regulate transport through extra-cellular matrix
Their presence slows down drug absorption rates

20
Q

What type of drug molecules are well absorbed by the Buccal mucosa?

A

Buccal mucosa acts as a lipid barrier

Small lipophilic molecules are well absorbed
Polar drugs are poorly absorbed

21
Q

What are the 2 mains roles of saliva?

A

Maintain a moist environment
Cleansing action

22
Q

What are the major ions in saliva?

A

Potassium
Sodium
Bicarbonate
Chloride

23
Q

Where is mucus produced in the oral cavity?

A

Buccal sublingual glands

24
Q

Why is mucus thicker than saliva?

A

Mucus contain glycoprotein mucin

25
Q

What is an important consideration for drug delivery across the oral mucosa?

A

Balance between hydrophilicity and lipophilicity
Drug needs to dissolve in aqueous salvia
Then partition into cell membranes
Compromise is required

26
Q

Describe the Buccastem product?

A

Prochlorperazine
Bioadhesive buccal controlled release tablet
For nausea caused by migraines

27
Q

Describe the Nicorette product?

A

NRT
Chewing gum
Chew and park between cheek & gum

28
Q

What is bioadhesion?

A

Molecular force between a biological surface and polymeric carrier
Resist the separation of the two surfaces

29
Q

What is mucoadhesion?

A

Special case of bioadhesion
Mucus layer acts as an interface between adherent and epithelial surface

Advanced Drug Delivery (18 decks)

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