BSS Flashcards
what is appraisal?
process of evaulating a stimulus to determine its level of stress
Define emotion focused coping…
reducing distress by using strategies such as avoidance, emotional support etc
define problem focused coping…
concentrates on dealing with the problem, and hence dealing with the stress. Situations are managed proactively with information
according to the GMC, how is end of life care defined?
when a patient is likely to die within the next 12 months
according to the suicide act, 1961, what is commiting suicide legal in the UK?
Suicide is legal
Assisting suicide is illegal
out of the following documents, which are legally binding?
advanced decision
advanced statement
lasting power of attorney
advanced decision
lasting power of attorney
what is sensation?
the input about the physical world obtained by sensory receptors
what is perception?
how the brain processes and organises sensory information
what is the absolute threshold of sensation?
minimum amount of stimulus that must be present to detect said stimulus 50% of the time
what is subliminal messaging?
any stimulus that is below the absolute threshold stimulus. Information is received to the cortex, but not consciously recognised
what is sensory adaptation?
when stimuli aren’t perceived because they have been constant for a long period of time
what is bottom-up processing?
perceptions built from sensory input
what is top-down processing?
the interpretation of sensation is effected by available knowledge, context, thoughts and emotions
how does attention relate to sensation?
Attention relates to what is sensed (not perceived)
what is inattentional blindness?
failure to notice something that is visible due to a lack of attention
what is the definition of stigma? (2 definitions)
‘an attribute that is discrediting within a particular interaction’
‘an undesirable characteristic in a particular context’
what are the two types of stigma?
felt stigma
enacted stigma
what is enacted stigma?
societal reactions that produce direct discrimination
what is felt stigma?
caused by the imagined social reaction due to stigma that exists
what legislative act deals with stigmatisation?
UK equalities act, 2010
what are the three stages of memory?
encoding
storage
retrieval
what is recall?
reproduction of information to which one has been previously exposed, without cues
what is recognition?
uses a stimulus to retrieve information that has been previously learnt
what is a serial position curve? Who put forward this theory?
concept that suggests things at the start and end of a list will always be remembered better than those of the middle (a.k.a the primary and recency effect)
Ebinghaus 1880’s
which memory theory did Barlett propose in 1950’s?
memories are grouped into schema, and are actively reconstructed when they are recalled
the working memory theory applies to which component of memory?
short term
the levels of processing model focuses on which part of memory?
encoding
what is explicit memory?
memories of which we have a conscious awareness
what is implicit memory?
knowledge without awareness
what is procedural memory?
remembering how to perform a skill
what is declarative memory?
memory for facts
what are the two types of declaritive memory?
semantic and episodic
what is semantic memory?
knowing the meaning of words and concepts
what is episodic memory?
knowledge of autobiographical events (who, what, when, where)
what is prospective memory?
remembering to do things
how is mortality rate calculated?
number of deaths / number of people in population
compared with previous years
what is morbidity rate?
frequency of which a disease appears in a particular population
what are levels of functioning tests?
measure things like activities of daily living
what is subjective health status?
when pt is asked to rate their own level of health
what are the four dimensions of quality of life? (give examples)
psychological (mood, emotional distress)
social (relationships)
physical (mobility, sleep, pain)
occupational
what is quality of adjusted life years?
state of health measured in terms of length of life, but ADJUSTED for QUALITY OF LIFE
1QALY is equal to…
one year of life in perfect health
standardised/individualised questionnares….
ask the same questions to everyone, therefore data is comparable
what is the difference between unidimensional and multdimensional health questionairres?
unidim > focus on one specific aspect of health e.g. mood i.e general health questionnaire depression diagnosis
multidim > assess health in the broadest sense. Often subjective but good predictors of mortality
what is emotion?
a mental state that arises spontaneously rather than through conscious effort
where does fear conditioning occur?
central nucleus of amygdala
what cortex is response for the production of fear and guilt?
pre-frontal cortex
which type of memory is associated with recency effect?
short term memory
which type of memory is associated with long-term memory?
primacy effect
define capacity
the everyday ability that individuals possess to make decisions that influence their lives
at what ages does the mental capacity act apply?
16+
how long does a section 2 last?
28 days
how long does a section 3 last?
6 months
how long does a section 4 last?
72 hours
how long does a section 5 (2) last?
72 hours
how long does a section 5 (4) last?
6 hours
