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SECOND YEAR, SECOND SEM > BSES 36 > Flashcards

BSES 36 Flashcards

Environmental Science

1
Q

the circumstances or conditions
that surround an organism or a group of organisms

A

environment

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2
Q

the complex social or cultural conditions that affect
an individual or a community.

A

environment

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3
Q

environment came from the french word means to encircle or surround

A

envirron

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4
Q

describes living and nonliving
surroundings relevant to organisms. It incorporates
physical, chemical, and biological factors and processes
that determine the growth and survival of organisms,
populations, and communities.

A

environment

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5
Q

two major components

A

-biotic factors
-abiotic factors

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6
Q

Living things within
the environment.

A

biotic

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7
Q

Non-living things
within the
environment.

A

abiotic

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8
Q

Organisms like plants
and algae that produce
their own food through
the process of
photosynthesis.

A

Producers
(Autotrophs)

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9
Q

Organisms that cannot produce
their own food and rely on
consuming other organisms for
energy. This group includes
animals, insects, and humans.

A

Consumers (Heterotrophs)

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10
Q

Organisms that break
down dead organisms and waste
products. Fungi and bacteria are
common decomposers that help
recycle nutrients back into the
environment.

A

Decomposers

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11
Q

types of biotic components

A

-producers
-consumers
-decomposers

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12
Q

comprises of all forms of
water bodies on earth including marine
(oceans, seas), freshwater (rivers, lakes, ponds,
streams), and groundwater resources.

A

Hydrosphere

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13
Q

About __ percent of the Earth’s surface is
water-covered

A

71

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14
Q

the oceans hold about __
percent of all Earth’s water.

A

96.5

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15
Q

The
outer crust of the

Earth, comprising
soil and land forms

like mountains and

valleys.

A

Lithosphere

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16
Q

The
layer of gases
surrounding the Earth,
which includes oxygen,
nitrogen, carbon
dioxide, and other

gases.

A

Atmosphere

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17
Q

abiotic components

A

-hydrosphere
-atmosphere
-lithosphere

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18
Q

effects of weather, e.g. rain:
more rain means more water, which supports more
life

A

climatic factors

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19
Q

effects of soil, e.g. soil pH: pH
affects growth of particular plants as pH affects
enzyme action. Most plants grow at soil pH of 6.5
to 8.5

A

edaphic factors

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20
Q

the science of physical phenomena in
the environment. It studies of the sources,
reactions, transport, effect and fate of
physical a biological species in the air,
water and soil and the effect of from
human activity upon these.

A

environmental science

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21
Q

studies all
aspects of the
environment in an
interdisciplinary
way.

A

environmental science

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22
Q

It seeks practical
answers to
making human
civilization
sustainable on
the earth’s finite

resources.

A

applied science

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23
Q

consist of
a series of well-defined steps. If
the hypothesis is not supported
by the experiment results, a
new hypothesis can be
proposed.

A

scientific method

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24
Q

Environmental
conservation must be
done since it directly
affects us.

A

Utilitarian justification

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25
Q

Considers the recreational,
inspirational, and spiritual
justification.

A

Aesthetic justification

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26
Q

Considers all
ecosystems and species
that benefit from each
other.

A

Ecological justification

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27
Q

Considers
environmental
conservation as an
obligation to help lives
persist.

A

Moral justification

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28
Q

importance of environmental science

A

-Utilitarian justification
-Aesthetic justification
-Ecological justification
-Moral justification

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29
Q

applications of environmental science

A

-Understanding The
Interconnectedness Of
Ecosystems
-Addressing Climate Change
And Global Warming
-Promoting Sustainable
Resource Management
-Development of alternative
sources of energy
-Stabilization of human
population and environment
-Driving Policy And
Environmental Legislation

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29
Q

the only place in the cosmos that is
known to sustain life and ecosystems

A

earth

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30
Q

the resources necessary to sustain life
are limited to those already contained on
the planet with one critical exception –
the electromagnetic radiation that is
continuously emitted by the Sun

A

earth

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31
Q

These include the abiotic
factors (such as water, soil,
minerals) and biotic factors
(such as plants, animals, and
microbes

A

natural resources

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32
Q

depended on
rain, streams, and rivers

A

Traditional agriculture:

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33
Q

creation of wells
to tap underground water and dams to
impound water

A

Modern agriculture:

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34
Q

Earth’s Resources
and Man

A

1) Atmosphere
2) Hydrosphere
3) Lithosphere
4) Biosphere

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35
Q

are present in a finite
quantity and do not regenerate after they are
harvested and used

A

Non-renewable resources

36
Q

are capable of regenerating
after harvesting, so potentially their stocks can be
utilized forever.

A

Renewable resources

37
Q

“Mined” or “Exhaustible resources”

A

Non-renewable resources

38
Q

are made from
decomposing plants and animals. These fuels are
found in Earth’s crust and contain carbon and
hydrogen, which can be burned for energy.

A

FOSSIL FUELS

39
Q

examples of fuels

A

COAL, OIL, NATURAL GAS

40
Q

Solid form of fossil fuel

A

COAL

41
Q

Forms from ancient, plant-filled
swamps that have since been covered
for millions of years by sediment

A

COAL

42
Q

Cheapest source of energy.

A

COAL

43
Q

Used for electricity generation, steel
production, cement manufacturing.

A

COAL

44
Q

the largest coal
producer in the
Philippines

A

Semirara Mining and
Power Corporation

45
Q

Liquid fossil fuel

A

OIL

46
Q

Thick black liquid composed
primarily of hydrogen and carbon

A

OIL

47
Q

Often referred as petroleum or
crude oil

A

OIL

48
Q

Used for gasoline, diesel fuel,
asphalt and road oil, plastics,
lubricant oils, etc

A

OIL

49
Q

Gaseous form of fossil fuel

A

NATURAL GAS

50
Q

Often found near oil deposits in the
subsurface

A

NATURAL GAS

51
Q

Lighter than air and composed mainly
of methane, which is why it has no
smell

A

NATURAL GAS

52
Q

Cleaner and causes less pollution

A

NATURAL GAS

53
Q

Used as an energy source for heating,
cooking, electricity generation etc.

A

NATURAL GAS

54
Q

A mineral is
a naturally occurring substance,
representable by a chemical formula,
that is usually solid and inorganic, and
has a crystal structure

A

NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCES

55
Q

huge variety of products
including cans, foils,
kitchen utensils, window
frames, beer kegs and
aeroplane parts

A

ALUMINUM

56
Q

can be in many things from
power generation, transmission,
and distribution systems to
electronics circuitry,
telecommunications, and
numerous types of electrical
equipment

A

CHROMIUM

57
Q

can be in many things from
power generation, transmission,
and distribution systems to
electronics circuitry,
telecommunications, and
numerous types of electrical
equipment

A

COPPER

58
Q

daily
life include machinery and tools,
as well as vehicles, hulls of
ships, structural elements for
buildings, bridges and aircraft.

A

IRON

59
Q

have
been used in a wide variety of
products found in and around our
homes, including paint, ceramics,
pipes and plumbing materials,
solders, gasoline, batteries,
ammunition and cosmetics

A

LEAD

60
Q

Used as ornament. for
electronics, and in
aerospace

A

GOLD

61
Q

Used for jewelries,
electronics, and
photography.

A

SILVER

62
Q

extremely
important in the cement,
ceramic and glass
industries. Example:
quartz

A

SILICATE
MINERALS

63
Q

Used for concrete, used in
agriculture for neutralizing acid
soils, used in cement industry.
Also used in paper and paint
industries

A

LIMESTONE

64
Q

Found in many items we use
every day, like toothpaste and
shampoo. It is also used to make
Portland cement and drywall,
create molds for dinnerware and
dental impressions, and to build
roads and highways

A

GYPSUM

65
Q

TYPES OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES

A
  1. FOREST RESOURCES
  2. WATER RESOURCES
  3. FOOD RESOURCES
  4. ENERGY RESOURCES
  5. LAND RESOURCES
66
Q

A single individual living
thing; a complex individual
consist of organ systems

A

ORGANISM

67
Q

Group of individuals of the
same species living in a
particular area

A

POPULATION

68
Q

Populations of different
species interacting, living in
a particular place

A

COMMUNITY

69
Q

A community interacting
with one another with their
nonliving environment

A

ECOSYSTEM

70
Q

It is a large area with similar
conditions and comprised
of multiple ecosystems.

A

BIOMES

71
Q

Regions of the Earth’s crust,
waters, and atmosphere
inhabited by living things.

A

BIOSPHERE

72
Q

The study of the relationships between
living organisms, including humans, and
their physical environment; it seeks to
understand the vital connections

between plants and animals and the
world around them.

A

ECOLOGY

73
Q

is any type of a close and
long-term biological interaction
between two different biological
organisms.

A

Symbiosis

74
Q

is when the species do
not live together; the relationship is
facultative or opportunistic but does not
profit organisms when together.

A

Non-symbiotic

75
Q

Both species are working
together and benefit with
each other.

A

MUTUALISM

76
Q

Both species in the
relationship will not exist
without the others.

A

MUTUALISM

77
Q

One organism
benefits while the

other remains

unaffected (neither
helped nor
harmed).

A

COMMENSALISM

78
Q

One organism, known as the
PARASITE, lives in or another
organism, known as the HOST,
from which it derives
nourishment

A

PARASITISM

79
Q

Enhances the fitness of parasite
but reduces fitness of the host

A

PARASITISM

80
Q

Relationship lasts for a
prolonged period, allowing the
parasite to continue
benefitting.

A

PARASITISM

81
Q

TWO CLASSIFICATION OF PARASITES

A

-ECTOPARASITE
-ENDOPARASITE

82
Q

Live on the surface of
the host

A

ECTOPARASITE

83
Q

Live inside the body of
the host

A

ENDOPARASITE

84
Q

One organism is the
PREDATOR that kills and
consumes the other
organism known as the
PREY

A

PREDATION

85
Q

Enhances fitness of
predator but reduces
fitness of prey

A

PREDATION

86
Q

Short-lived interaction abd
results in the death of prey

A

PREDATION

87
Q

Two or more

organisms compete
for the same limited

resources or territory

A

COMPETITION

88
Q

Only one organism
benefited but both

organisms are
harmed to the extent

A

COMPETITION

SECOND YEAR, SECOND SEM (7 decks)

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