Bryozoans

Question 1

Ancestrula

Answer 1

The primary or first zooid of a bryozoan colony from which secondary individuals are formed by budding

Question 2

Bryozoa

Answer 2

(also known as phylum Ectoprocta) cessile colonies of zooids connected through pores and expand through budding

Question 3

Cardiac stomach

Answer 3

The cardiac stomach is a sac-like stomach located at the center of the body. It can be extended out of the organism’s body to engulf and digest food.
The other stomach is the pyloric stomach. Partially digested food in the cardiac stomach moves to the pyloric stomach to continue the digestive process.

Question 4

Cecum

Answer 4

One of the three parts to a bryozoan stomach

Question 5

Coleom

Answer 5

The body cavity in metazoans, located between the intestinal canal and the body wall.

Question 6

Ectoprocta

Answer 6

the phylum Bryozoa, especially as distinguished from the phylum Entoprocta by a body plan having the anus of the polyp outside the crown of tentacles

Question 7

Enterocoleus

Answer 7

A mesoderm (middle layer) is formed in a developing embryo, in which the coelom forms from pouches “pinched” off of the digestive tract (also known as the embryonic gut, or archenteron)

Question 8

Epistome

Answer 8

any of several structures or regions situated above or covering the mouth of various invertebrates

Question 9

Eucoelomate

Answer 9

Any of the animals with “true” coelom, which is characterized by a body cavity completely lined with a peritoneum that attaches to organs

Question 10

Funiculus

Answer 10

a bundle of nerve fibers enclosed in a sheath of connective tissue, or forming one of the main tracts of white matter in the spinal cord

Question 11

Lophophorate

Answer 11

A circular or horseshoe-shaped structure of ciliated tentacles located around the mouth of brachiopods, bryozoans, and phoronids that is used to gather foo

Question 12

Lophophore

Answer 12

a horseshoe-shaped structure bearing ciliated tentacles around the mouth in certain small marine invertebrates

Question 13

Lophotrochozoa

Answer 13

A taxa of protostome animals. It comprises two groups, the trochozoans and the lophophorata

Question 14

Mesocoel

Answer 14

The middle of three coelomic spaces found in the tripartate body plan characteristic of the deuterostome lineage of animals. The other coelomic compartments are the protocoel and metacoel

Question 15

Metacoel

Answer 15

The last of three coelomic spaces found in the tripartate body plan characteristic of the deuterostome lineage of animals. The other coelomic compartments are the protocoel and mesocoel

Question 16

Polypide

Answer 16

The soft part of the ectoproct (bryozoan) that includes the visceral mass and the lophophore and can be retracted into the cystide

Question 17

Protocoel

Answer 17

The first of three coelomic spaces found in the tripartite body plan characteristic of the deuterostome lineage of animals. The other coelomic compartments are the mesocoel and metacoel

Question 18

Pyloric stomach

Answer 18

The pylorus or pyloric part, connects the stomach to the duodenum

Question 19

Schizocoelus

Answer 19

Of the type of development found in protosomes. Initially solid masses of mesoderm split to form coelomic cavities

Question 20

Statoblast

Answer 20

Statoblasts are a means to reproduce asexually by a method that is unique among bryozoans and enables a colony’s lineage to survive the variable and uncertain conditions of freshwater environments. They are the overwintering stage of the life cycle, and after the parent colony dies and disintegrates, they lay dormant in the sediments until the spring. When favorable conditions return, the tissue inside the statoblast completes its development into a single zooid that discards its protective casing to become the ancestrula of the new zoarium

Question 21

Tripartate coelom

Answer 21

Characteristic of the deuterostome line of animals. The coelom forms with three separate compartments referred to as the protocoel, mesocoel, and metacoel

Question 22

U-shaped gut

Answer 22

Sessile animals that live in burrows or shells by necessity have a U-shaped gut with the mouth and anus located close to each other. The trick is to position the anus so that its wastes can’t mistakenly enter the mouth

Question 23

Zoarium

Answer 23

a colony of colonial Bryozoans

Question 24

Zooecium

Answer 24

the exoskeleton of a Bryozoan. The zooecium may be flexible or rigid depending on exoskeletal composition: chitin, protein, or calcium carbonate

Question 25

Zooid

Answer 25

a single animal that is part of a colonial animal. In Bryozoans, individual zooids are connected to each other through pores and the funicular system, creating large colonial organisms composed of thousands of individual microscopic zooids