BRS Embryology Flashcards by shir nov

somites derived from

paraxial mesoderm

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first pair of somites apear in day

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intermediate mesoderm forms

kidneys (metanephros)

gonads (mesonephros)

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lateral mesoderm will become

intraembryonic somatic mesoderm

intraembryonic visceral mesoderm (splanchnic)

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what gives us the nucleus pulposus of each intervertebral disl?

notochord remnants

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embryomic heart dilation from top to bottom

trancus arteriosus
bulbus cordis
primitive ventricle
primitive atrium
sinus venosus

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bulbus cordis will develope to

smooth part of right and left ventricle

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the junction of the trabeculated and smooth part of the right atrium is called

crista terminalis

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formation of the Atrial Septum

septum primum goes down
foramen primu, forms btw the septum primum and AV cushions
foramen primum closes
foramen secundum forms in the center of septum primum
septum secundum forms to the right of septum primum

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what is foramen ovale?

the opening btw the upper and lower limbs of the septum secundum

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what happens to blood in the atrium durring embryonic life?

blood is shunted from right atrium to left atrium via foramen ovale

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Atrial septum is develpoed from?

fusion of the septum primum and septum secundum

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AV septum forms from?

dorsal and ventral AV cushions approach each other and fuse

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IV septum developes from?

from the floor of the primitive ventricle and grows toeards the fused AV septum

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origin of the coronary arteries

progenitor stem cells from the liver

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1st aortic arch derivatives

mxillary

[1st place is MAX]

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2nd aortic arch derivatives

stapedial

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3rd aortic arch derivatives

right and left common carotid
right and left internal carotid
[C is third letter of alphabet!]

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4th aortic arch derivatives

right subclavian
aortic arch
[four-aor]

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6th aortic arch derivatives

right and left pulmonary arteries

[having SEX in POOL=six+pulmonary]

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viteline artery derivatives

celiac trunk
SMA
IMA
IVC
hepatic veins
ductus venosus
portal vein
splenic vein

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umbilical artery derivative

medial umbilical ligament

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general developement of venous system comes from

vitelline veins
umbilical veins
cardinal veins

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ligamentum teres comes from

left umbilical vein

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Anterior cardinal vein will develope to

SVC | internal jagular veins

subcardinal vein will develope to

IVC renal veins gonadal veins

supracardinal vein will develope to

IVC intercostal veins hemiazygos azygos

Posterior cardinal vein will develope to

IVC | common iliac veins

renal veins developes from

subcardinal veins

maternal component of the placenta?

decidua basalis- endometrium (site of implantation)

fetal component of the placenta?

tertiary chorionic villi

secondary villi consist of

extraembryonic mesoderm cytyotrophoblasts sycytiotrophoblasts

allantois will develope to form?

median umbilical ligament

3 shunts of the fetal circulation?

ductus venosus ductus arteriosus foramen ovale

what will bring oxygenated blood to the fetus

left umbilical vein

what happens to the blood arriving from the left umbilical vein?

blood anters liver-> blood cours through ductus venosus to enter IVC-> from IVC, blood enters right atrium-> blood cours through foramen ovale to left atrium-> left venricle-> aorta-> tissues

how do poorly oxygenated blood leave the fetus?

threturns to the placenta through right and left umbilical arteries

what happens to blood entering the right ventricle?

blood will enter the pulmonary trunk but wont get to the lungs bcs it will bypass the lungs through ductus arteriosus

what give rise to all preganglionic autonomic nerves and all nerves that innervate skeletal muscles?

neural tube

what give rise to the dura mater?

mesoderm

cranial neural crest cells derivatives

People Post Ball SAC Pictures Online ``` Pharyngeal arch skeletal and CT Parafollicular (C) cells Bones of neurocranium Sensory ggl of CN 5,7,9,10 Aorticopulmonary septum\ Cranial parasympathetic ggl Pia and Arachnoid Odontoblasts ```

trunk neural crest cells derivatives

``` melanocytes schwann cells chromaffin cells of adrenal medulla dorsal root ggl enteric system ```

what are placodes?

thickenning of surface ectoderm

what are the three placodes?

nasal otic lens

lens placode give rise to

lens

what are the two neural flexures?

cephalic | cervical

Telencephalon give rise to

``` cerebral hemusphares caudate putamen amygdaloid claustrum lamina terminalis olfactory bulb hippocampus ```

what give rise to globus pallidus?

Dirncephalon

whaere will we find astrocytes?

CNS

what produces myelin in the CNS?

Oligodendrocytes

where can we find ependymocytes?

line the central canal | line the brain ventrciles

what will the alar plate form?

sensory function | Afferent=Alar

where can we find sulcus limitans in the adult? | and in fetus?

in adult- rhomboid fossa | fetus- seperates alar and basal plates

what makes myelin in the PNS?

Schwann cells

whta give rise to the superior and inferior colliculi?

Alar plate sensroy neuroblasts

Anterior lobe of pituitery developes from?

Rathkes pouch= ectodermal diverticulum of the primitive oral cavity

neurohypohphysis developes from?

infundibulum= neuroectodermal ventral evagination from the hypothalamus

choroid plexus consist of

modified ependymocytes | vascular pia mater (tela choroidea)

internal ear developes from

otic placode

middle ear, 1st pharyngeal arch derivatives

malleus incus tensor tympani muscle

middle ear, 2nd pharyngeal arch derivatives

stapes | stapedius muscle

Meckel cartilage is derived from

neural crest cells

optic cup derivatives

``` outer pigmentd layer inner neural layer (both for retina) iris ciliary body ```

optic cup derived from

diencephalon

ventral mesentry becomes

lesser omentum | ventralllllesser

dorsal mesentry becomes

greater omentum

easy way to remember cardinal veins derivatives by RK

ant=2 (most important! SVC, internal jagular) post=2 (IVC, common iliac) sub=3 (IVC, renal, gonadal. כי הם מתחת) supra=4 (IVC, intercostal, hemiazygos, azygos)

otic placode derivatives

``` GUNS Can Slaughter (like this fucking embryology. thanks RK!!) Ganglia (spiral and vestibular) Utracle Nerve VIII Semicircular ducts Corti's organ Saccule ```

diaphragm origin

``` Diaphragm is STabilized By Phrenic Dude! Septum Transversum Body wall Pleuroperitoneal membranes Dorsal mesentery of esophagus ```

Paramesonephric will give us

Mullerian | [there is a yogurt name Muller and yogurt yo make from PARA which means cow in Hebrew. thanks RK!]

Wollfian duct derives from

Mesonephric! | W is like M but upside down

origin of labia minora?

urogenital folds

origin of labia majora?

labioscrotal swelling

mesonephric duct in male

``` Every Sperm Elevates Via Deferens Epididymis Seminal vesicle Ejaculation duct Vas deferens ```