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GRST > bronze age greece- minoan civ > Flashcards

bronze age greece- minoan civ Flashcards

1
Q

when does the bronze age minoan civilization fully develop?

A

~2000 BCE

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2
Q

where is the minoan civilization centered?

A

crete

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3
Q

what is the largest center in crete and what were the other centers?

A

knossos was the largest, phaistos, malia, and kato Zakro are next biggest

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4
Q

were the minoans greek?

A

no

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5
Q

where did the minoans influence?

A

spread to greek islands and mainland greece

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6
Q

when does dominance occur?

A

middle bronze age

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7
Q

what is the geography of crete?

A

mountains and valleys good for stock
coastal plains, good for stock
natural harbours
good supplies of timber

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8
Q

why was the sea so important?

A

sea gave them timber which they used for everything, also gave them access to trading, inports and exports

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9
Q

is there writing in the minoan civilization?

A

yes but its not decipherable, so we cant understand it

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9
Q

what is the first evidence of greek monumental building?

A

palaces (houses on a huge scale)

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9
Q

who is arthur evans?

A

he discovered the site at knossos, bought the site and then excavated it

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9
Q

where are the minoans from?

A

we dont know

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10
Q

what palace in the minoan civilization was the biggest?

A

knossos

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11
Q

who resided in the palace?

A

the royal family, but also a center for politics religion and administration

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12
Q

where was the first palace at knossos built?

A

it was built on top of old houses that were demolished

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13
Q

why did the minoan society have a hierarchy?

A

someone has to have power, otherwise the palace wouldnt exist and the community wouldnt be successful

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14
Q

what was the hierarchy society like?

A

presumably a king or powerful enough to assemble a large population to work for them
maybe slaves , priests, military

15
Q

how did the palaces get bigger suddenly?

A

early palaces were destroyed or damaged suddenly, they were then repaired and rebuilt on a bigger and better scale

16
Q

what damaged the palaces?

A

most likely an earthquake

17
Q

what are general palace features?

A

royal family quarters
large state rooms
working quarters
storage areas for provisions and for items for barter and trade
large central courtyard for public ceremonies and spectacles

18
Q

what did the minoans export?

A

textiles, oil, wine, and ceramics

19
Q

what did the minoans import?

A

tin, copper, luxury materials

20
Q

what trade routes did the minoans maintain?

A

the mainland, cyclades, rhodes, cryprus, egypt, levant, sicily

21
Q

what did trade lead to?

A

settlement

22
Q

what did minoan settlement in the cyclades do?

A

put an end to the distinctive cycladic civilization

23
Q

when did the minoan civilization end?

A

~ 1375 BCE once the palaces were destroyed

24
Q

why are the minoans called the minoans?

A

evans named the minoans after king minos of crete

25
Q

what are cretan hieroglyphic traits?

A

350 seals and impressions
found only in crete
150 individual signs
logographic and syllabic

26
Q

what is logographic hieroglyphics?

A

logograms (symbols) with no relationship between the logogram and the word

27
Q

what is syllabic hieroglyphics?

A

signs represent the sound of the syllables of the word

28
Q

what is alphabetic hieroglyphics?

A

signs represent the sounds of the letters of the word

29
Q

what is linear A?

A

inscribed on clay, gold, stone, ceramics
linear appearance of signs, often arranged in squares or rectangles
4 to 9 lines long
logographic and syllabic
written left to right

30
Q

what is the phaistos disk?

A

fired clay disk, covered on both sides with stamped signs in a spiral pattern
groups of 2-7 seperated by verticle lines
242 stamps 45 unique signs

31
Q

what do we know about minoan religion?

A

no evidence of temples
centred on forced of nature
dominanted by goddesses rather than gods
religious symbols, horns of consecration, labrys ‘double axe’

32
Q

where are evidence for cemeteries and burial sites impressive?

A

palace sites

33
Q

is there writing in the minoan civilization?

A

yes, but we don’t know what it says

34
Q

was there a hierachical system in the minoan civilization?

A

yes, but we dont know the exact structure

35
Q

what were the potential members of the hierarchical system?

A

ruler, advisor, administrators, artisan, servant, slaves, non-productive members

36
Q

why weren’t there any fortifications?

A

because the sea provided as much protection as they needed, they may have had a powerful navy

37
Q

what were there depictions of?

A

wealth, luxury, leisure, peace

38
Q
A

GRST (14 decks)

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