BRONCHODILATORS, ANTIHISTAMINES, ANTITUSSIVES, & EXPECTORANTS Flashcards
SALBUTAMOL (VENTOLIN) 7 POINTS
- TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF ACUTE ASTHMA ATTACKS BY RELAXING THE SMOOTH MUSCLE TO OPEN AIRWAYS
- REDUCES AIRWAY CONSTRICTION
- STIMULATES ANXIETY, PALPITATIONS, TREMORS, AND INCREASED HEART RATE
- TREATS HYPOTENSION AND SHOCK IN ALLERGIC REACTIONS
- RELAXES UTERUS TO PREVENT PREMATURE LABOUR
- VASCULAR HEADACHE & TREMORS
CONTRAINDICATIONS
UNCONTROLLED CARDIAC DYSRHYTHMIAS
HIGH RISH OF STROKE
TEST VENTOLIN IN WATER TO SEE WHEN ITS EMPTY
EPINEPHRINE 4 POINTS
- USED IN EMERGENCIES ONLY
- CAUSES HEART STIMULATION
CONTRAINDICATIONS
UNCONTROLLED CARDIAC DYSRHYTHMIAS
HIGH RISH OF STROKE
ANTICHOLINERGICS (3 POINTS)
IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE (ATROVENT)
TIOTROPIUM (SPIRIVA)
USED TO PREVENT BRONCHOSPASMS
PREVENTS CONSTRICTION OF THE BRONCHI AND NARROWING OF THE AIRWAYS
THESE HAVE DRYING EFFECTS, CAN HAVE DIFFICULTY URINATING
THEOPHYLLINE AKA XANTHINE (6 POINTS)
USED ADJUNCT IN COPD MANAGEMENT
TREATS BRONCHOCONSTRICTIONS
STIMULATES CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
CONTRAINDICATED
*UNCONTROLLED CARDIAC DYSRHYTHMIAS
HAS LOTS OF INTERACTIONS
CAREFUL WITH OLDER ADULT BECAUSE OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
DO NOT DRINK ANYTHING WITH CAFFINE IF TAKING THIS MEDICATION
LEUKOTRIENES (SINGULAIR) (9)
CONTROLS BRONCHOSPASMS ->CONTROLLER MED, NOT FOR RAPID TX
DECREASES MUCUS
PREVENTS SMOOTH MUSCLE CONTRACTION
CAN BE USED FOR CHILDREN 2 AND UP
CONTRAINDICATIONS - ALLERGY TO BETADINE AND LACTOSE
ADVERSE EFFECT
MONTELUKAST-LESS SIDE EFFECTS. ONCE A DAY
IMPROVEMENTS SHOULD BE SEEN IN ABOUT 1 WEEK.
CAREFUL WITH OTC
MUST TAKE EVERY NIGHT ON A CONTINUOUS SCHEDULE
CORTICOSTEROIDS - (6)
FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE & BUDESONIDE
FLOVENT
CONTROLS ASTHMA, DOES NOT RELIEVE SYMPTOMS
USED FOR CHRONIC ASTHMA
WATCH FOR CANDIDA ORGANISMS
LOW DOSE IS USED FOR INHALATION THERAPY
- GARGLE AND RINSE
- BRONCHODILATOR SHOUD BE USED FIRST TO OPEN THE AIRWAYS, THEN CORTICOSTEROIDS
WHAT TWO TYPES OF ANTIHISTAMINES ARE THERE?
SEDATIVE AND NONSEDATING
WHICH ANTIHISTAMINE IS A SEDATIVE (CAUSES DROWSINESS)
DIPHENHYDRAMINE (BENADRYL)
ADVERSE EFFECT DROWSINESS
WHICH ANTIHISTAMINES ARE NONSEDATING?
ends in “INE”
FEXOFENADINE (ALLEGRA)
LORATADINE (CLARITIN)
CETIRIZINE (REACTINE)
ANTIHISTAMINES SHOULD BE TAKEN BEFORE___________ ___________
SYMPTOMS START
ANTIHISTAMINES ARE USED MAINLY FOR & ARE CONTRAINDICATED IN
7 POINTS
PREVENTING THE ACTION OF HISTAMINES
ALLERGIES, MOTION SICKNESS, PARKINSON’S, SLEEP DISORDERS
CONTRAINDICATED
ACUTE ASTHMA
LOWER RESPIRATORY DISEASES LIKE PNEUMONIA (DON’T WANT FLUID DRYING UP AND STICKING THERE)
PREGNANCY
HYPERTENSION & BPH (BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA
ANTIHISTAMINES INTERACT WITH
APPLE, GRAPEFRUIT, & ORANGE JUICE
WHAT ARE DECONGESTANTS USED FOR?
TREATING A COLD
ORAL DECONGESTANTS:
LAST LONG BUT TAKE LONG TO KICK IN
SPRAY DECONGESTANTS:
WORK FAST, DECREASE INFLAMMATION, RELIEVE STUFFINESS BUT CAN CAUSE REBOUND DECONGESTION
USED FOR 3-5 DAYS
THREE TYPES OF DECONGESTANTS
ADRENERGICS
ANTICHOLINERGICS
CORTICOSTEROIDS
INTRANASAL STEROIDS END USUALLY IN?
‘IDE’ OR ‘SONE’
CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR ALL DECONGESTANTS: 5
NARROW ANGLE GLAUCOMA HYPERTENSION PROSTATITIS - SWOLLEN PROSTATE DIABETES *DRYING* BECAUSE OF THE ANTI-CHOLINGERIG EFFECT
ADVERSE EFFECTS FOR ADRENERGICS DECONGESTANTS: 4
NERVOUSNESS, INSOMNIA, PALPITATIONS, TREMORS
ADVERSE EFFECTS FOR STEROID DECONGESTANTS: 2
MUCOSAL DRYNESS AND IRRITATION
NURSING IMPLICATIONS FOR DECONGESTANTS 3
AVOID CAFFEINE BECAUSE OF CNS STIMULATION
MAY CAUSE HYPERTENSION, PALPITATIONS AND CNS STIMULATION
WATCH FOR REBOUND CONGESTION
ANTITUSIVES
TWO TYPES-
OPIOD WHICH CONTAIN?
NON-OPIOD WHICH CONTAIN
OPIOD WHICH CONTAIN CODEINE–ALL END WITH A ‘C’
NON-OPIOD WHICH CONTAIN DEXTROMETHORPHAN–ALL END WITH A ‘DM’
ANTITUSSIVES
OPIOD & NON-OPIOD
INDICATIONS-(3)
CONTRAINDICATIONS- (2)
ADVERSE EFFECTS (4)
NURSING IMPLICATIONS (2)
USED TO STOP THE COUGH REFLEX WHE THE COUGH IS NONPRODUCTIVE, HARMFUL, OR BOTH
CONTRAINDICATIONS -HIGH RISK FOR RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION & OPIOID DEPENDENCY (FOR OPIOID ANTITIUSSIVES)
ADVERSE EFFECTS
DM PRODUCTS CAUSE DIZZINESS, DROWSINESS AND NAUSEA
CODEINE PRODUCTS CAUSE SEDATION
NURSING IMPLICATIONS
REPORT COUGH LAST MORE THAN A WEEK
DO NOT DRINK FOR 30-35 MINS AFTER TAKING LOZENGES
EXPECTORANTS
GUAIFENESIN (ROBITUSSIN) (5)
REMOVAL OF MUCUS
REDUCES THE VISCOSITY OF SECRETIONS
LOOSENS AND THINS SPUTUM & BRONCHIAL SECRETIONS
CONTRAINDICATED IN HYPERKALEMIA
ADVERSE EFFECT - ANNOYS THE STOMACH
NURSING IMPLICATIONS
EXPECTORANTS SHOULD BE USED WITH CAUTION IN OLDER ADULT
