Bronchiectasis * Flashcards
What is Bronchiectasis
Permanent dilation of the bronchioles filled with mucus
What are the main presentations of bronchiectasis
Productive cough w/ sputum and dyspnoea
Signet ring sign (HRCT)
What are the RF for bronchiectasis
Post Infection
Cystic fibrosis
HIV
ABPA
Primary cilliary Dyskinesia
Whooping cough as child
CF/HIV Association
What is the pathology of Bronchiectasis
Irreversible dilation
Loss of cillia
Mucus hypersecretion
Increased risk of infection (lack of ciliary clearance)
What lobes are typically affected by bronchiectasis
Lower lobes
What are the investigations for bronchiectasis
Gold = HRCT = Dilated thick bronchi (“Signet sign) and tram tracks w/ bronchiole cysts
Spirometery = Obstructive (FEV1/FVC <0.7)
Sputum culture for infection
Bilateral inspiratory crepitations
Finger clubbing (Px w/CF)
What is the signet ring sign
Dilated thick bronchi on HRCT
Bronchiectasis is permanent so is not curative but how can it be managed
Chest physio and smoking cessation
Bronchiodilators
Abx for infection
What possible organisms can be found in the sputum culture of Bronchiectasis patient
Amoxicillin treated
-H Influenzae
-S Pneumoniae
and P auregunosa
What does spirometry of bronchiectases show
Obstruction
FEV1:FVC <0.7
What is the Gold investigation for Bronchiectasis
HRCT
-Signet ring (Dilated thick bronchi)
-Bronchiole terminal cysts
How does bronchiectasis increase the risk of infection
Reduced ciliary clearance
-More trapping of organisms
What can be heard on resp exam for bronchiectasis
Bilateral course cxrepitations
How eould you treat a bronchiectasis patient presenting w/ septic signs
IV Antibiotics
What is pathagnomonic sign of PCD
Sinus Invertus
-Shows left lung pain but pathology on right lung
