Bronchial Carcinoma

Question 1

What is Bronchial carcinoma

Answer 1

Lung Parenchymal malignancy

Small cell vs non small cell

Question 2

What are the RF for Bronchial carcinoma

Answer 2

Smoking
Asbestos
Coal
Radiation
Hx of Lung disease

Question 3

What is a BALT Lymphoma

Answer 3

Non Hodgkin lymphoma originating at Bronchi

Bronchi Associated Tissue Lymphoma

Question 4

What is a small cell lung cancer and who is it exclusive for

Answer 4

Paraneoplastic syndromes for smokers

• Cushings (Ectopic ACTH)
• SIADH (Ectopic ADH)
• Lamber Eaton (NMJ Disorder)

Question 5

What are the charecteristics of small cell lung cancers

Answer 5

Affect smokers
Paraneoplastic syndromes
Fast growing 
Ealy Mets.
Central lung lesions

Question 6

What is the most common type of bronchial carcinoma

Answer 6

Non small cell lung cancer

• Squamous
• Adenocarcinoma (MC)
• Carcinoid tumour
• Large cell

Question 7

Who is mostly affected by squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 7

Smokers

Question 8

Where does Squamous cell carcinoma attack

Answer 8

Central lung from lung epithelium

• Lesions w/necrosis
• PTH release = Hypercalcemia

Question 9

Where do Squamous cell carcinomas arise from

Answer 9

Lung Epithelium

Question 10

Describe the met and spread of Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Answer 10

Late Mets
Local spread

Local Spread

Question 11

Who is mostly affected by Adneocarcinomas

Answer 11

Asbestos workers

Question 12

Where do adenocarcinomas affect

Answer 12

Peripheral lung from mucus secreting glandular epithelium

Question 13

Describe the mets of Adenocarcinomas (BBALL)

Answer 13

Common mets w/

• Bone
• Brain
• Adrenals
• Lymph nodes
• Liver

Question 14

What is Carcinoid syndrome

Answer 14

Neuroendocrine tumour that secretes serotonin arising from GI Tract
-MEN 1 Mutation and Neurofibromatosis 1

Arises from GIT and Lungs

Question 15

What is Carcinoid syndrome associated w/

Answer 15

MEN1 Mutation and Neurofibromatosis 1

Question 16

What is the biggest cause of secondary Hypertrophic osteoarthritis

Answer 16

Adenocarcinomas
Px w/ clubbing, arthritis and long bone swelling

Question 17

What is the hypertrophic osteoarthritic triad

Answer 17

Clubbing
Arthritis
Long Bone swelling

Question 18

What are the presentations of most Bronchial Carcinomas

Answer 18

Chest pain
CougH W/ Haemoptysis
Cancer Sx and Met Sx
PEMBERTONS ANND HORNERS SYNDROME

Question 19

What are the three main signs of Lung Mets

Answer 19

Hoarse Voice
Horner Syndrome
Pemberton sign

Question 20

What is Horner Syndrome

Answer 20

Miosis (Pupil constriction)
Ptosis (Drooped upper eyelid)
Anhydrosis (Cant sweat)

Question 21

What is Pemberton’s Sign

Answer 21

Face congestion w/ raised arms

Question 22

How are Bronchial carcinomas Investigated

Answer 22

1st - CXR/CT Imaging
Gold - Bronchoscopy w/ Biopsy
MRI = TNM Staging

Question 23

What is the gold standard test for Bronchial carcinomas

Answer 23

Bronchoscopy w/ Biopsy

Question 24

How are Small cell lung cancers treated

Answer 24

Early = Chemo/Radio
MC = Palliative care (Aggresive)

Question 25

How are Non small cell lung cancers treated

Answer 25

Early = Tumour excision
Mets = Chemo/Radio w/ Cetuximab

Question 26

Which mAb therapy is used to treat Non small cell metastasis

Answer 26

Cetuximab

Question 27

Why are secondary Lung tumours more common than primary

Answer 27

Lungs oxygenate all blood
All blood goes to lung
High Met risk from Breast, kidney, bowel and bladder cancer

Question 28

What is a Pancoast Tumour

Answer 28

Tumour in Lung apex
Metastasise to neck’s Sympathetic Plexus = Horners syndrome (Ptosis, Miosis and anhydrosis)

Question 29

Which syndrome associates with pancoast tumour

Answer 29

Horner’s

Question 30

Central lung lesions are charecterisitics of what lung cancer

Answer 30

Squamous cell lung carcinoma

Question 31

Where does an adenocarcinoma of the lung arise from

Answer 31

mucus secreting glandular epithelium