Broad themes Flashcards
what is bottom up processing
stimuli from the external environment
what is top down processing
using existing knowledge
what are the 2 types of processing for when we see faces and objects
configural/global processing
featural/local processing
what is configural/global processing
processing of a whole face/image
position of features compared to each other
doesn’t matter what you do (blur a face) still recognise it, shows we apply global processing
what is featural/local processing
parts of the object are processed
what is the study called that focuses on local and glocal processing
Navon, 1977
what did Navon 1977 do?
global and local processing
Performance speed was slowed when asked what the small letter was when the large letter differed. However, decision speed was not influenced by the small letters when the large letter was asked to be identified
Global affects local but not visa versa
what is serial processing
current process happens before the next can be completed
what is parallel processing
2 or more processes happen at the same time
or is it
does it truly mean we’re doing those things at the same time?
PP
what must task have no of to ensure they are parallel?
no delays as to ensure participants cant switch to the other task
PP
Shaffer 1975
found that will touch typing, once skilled, less attention is required
experts could recite nursery rhymes while touch-typing will less than 10% loss of accuracy.
However,
is it still possible to switch attention between tasks even if one is continuous, skilled typists may see a word and type that word instead of what they were originally typing.
what is viewpoint invariant
object recognition does not depend on viewpoint
doesn’t matter what angle looked at from, processes are the same
what is viewpoint dependent
object recognition does depend on viewpoint
within category discrimination
what are geons
we can construct everything in our world from a set of 36 shapes called geons
complex shapes are several geons connected
why do geons make objects viewpoint invariant
because object recognition depends on the identification of geons, which can be identified by various viewpoints
how is our knowledge organised
through associative networks which is made up of nodes
The node becomes activated, activation level of node rises when exposed to that node related stimuli.
activation spreads to any concept node related to that word.
the stronger the link between the words, the less activation is needed in future to make them become active.
one node can also inhibit another node .e.g stopping yourself from saying an answer
inhibition is the ability of our associative networks to ‘dumb’ down the link between 2 things.
what is visual agnosia
where object recognition is impaired in the presence of normal visual function
can see but cannot recognise visual interpretation
what is apperceptive agnosia
fail in perception and hence cannot recognise an object
what is associative agnosia
perception occurs bur recognition does not
can see and perceive/copy object but cannot recognise it
what is prosopagnosia
cannot perceive faces
prosopagnosia
developmental and acquired
developmental- present from birth and is a developmental disorder. Never develop the face recognition system. Tends to run in families as it’s genetic
acquired- from a brain injury, had a typical system before
prosopagnosia
what are the 3 inclusionary criteria they must have
difficulty with faces evident in every day life
impairment in at least 2 measures of face familiarity
confirmations of lesions by MRI or CT
prosopagnosia
patient PG
young et al 1988
damage to right hemisphere impaired in structural encoding of faces
prosopagnosia
patient ph
de haan et al, 1987
could classify faces and non faces but familiarity was chance
what is anomia
can perceive face but cannot retrieve name
what are the 4 stages for face processing
structural encoding
face recognition
person identification
name generation
akinetopsia
cannot perceive motion
damage in V5/MT area
