Britain 8- Ireland

Question 1

Who was Patrick Pearse?

Answer 1

A republican who joined the Irish volunteers and later helped plan the Easter rising

Question 2

How many men broke away from the Irish volunteers and what group/ individual did they join? (Didn’t agree with war effort)

Answer 2

10,000 and took the name the ‘Irish volunteers’ and lead by MacNeill

Question 3

What were the Irish volunteers renamed and under which leader?

Answer 3

National Volunteers under John Redmond

Question 4

Who were the key figures in the plan for the water rising?

Answer 4

Tom Clarke, Patrick Pearse, James Connolly and Sean McDermott

Question 5

What happened initially during the Easter rising?

Answer 5

1000 armed rebels seized the general post office in Dublin on Easter Monday and posted up a signed proclamation announcing the establishment of the Irish Republic.

Question 6

Why did the Eater rising fail?

Answer 6

The hope for invasion by German forces and national uprising by the Irish people did not happen

Question 7

What was the outcome of the seizure of the general post office?

Answer 7

It was bombarded and destroyed and fierce fighting spread throughout the city. 450 people died, 2600 wounded

Question 8

What year was the Easter rising?

Answer 8

1916

Question 9

What happened to the leaders of the Easter rising?

Answer 9

Executed

Question 10

What was the Irish reaction to British methods of dealing with the Easter rising?

Answer 10

Felt British were harsh and mistreated prisoners and civilians so caused a hatred towards British rule

Question 11

Which group gained popularity as a result of the Easter rising?

Answer 11

Sinn Fein

Question 12

What did Lloyd George do after the Easter rising in an attempt to achieve a compromise agreement on Ireland?

Answer 12

Negotiated with Redmond (Irish Nationalist leader) and Carson (the Leader of the Ulster Unionists) and appeared to secure a settlement which was called the ‘Heads of Agreement’

Question 13

What did the ‘Heads of Agreement’ grant?

Answer 13

Immediate home rule of the 26 counties of Southern Ireland with Ulster still remaining part of the UK until after the war

Question 14

Who rejected the ‘Heads of Agreement’ and why?

Answer 14

Unionist members of the coalition cabinet who believed DLG was going too far to appease the Irish Nationalists

Question 15

Why was conscription never applied in Ireland?

Answer 15

Although Ulster strongly demanded conscription to rest of Ireland we’re very opposed

Question 16

How did the Irish who opposed conscription display their opposition?

Answer 16

-Irish national party walked out of the House of Commons and went to Dublin, where, in alliance with Sinn Fein, they organised a nationwide campaign against it. - a one day strike mounted by Irish trade unions
-the Roman Catholic Church in Ireland denounced conscription as oppressive and inhumane

Question 17

What was the result of the 1918 general election in Ireland?

Answer 17

Overwhelming victory for Sinn Fein and the virtual destruction of the Irish parliamentary party

Question 18

How many seats did Sinn Fein and the Parliamentary party won in the General election of 1918?

Answer 18

Sinn Fein-73 seats
The parliamentary party- 6 (compared with 68 in 1910)

Question 19

Who was elected president of Sinn Fein in 1917?

Answer 19

Éamon de Valera

Question 20

After gaining the Irish majority, how did Sinn Fein oppose the UK parliament?

Answer 20

after the 1918 election, Its MPs decided not to take their seats in the HOC, refusing to recognise the authority of the UK parliament over Ireland. Instead, they summoned their MPs to constitute themselves as the parliament of the Irish Republic

Question 21

What was the Parliament of the Irish Republic also known as?

Answer 21

The Dáil

Question 22

What the the Dàil demand and set up and under who?

Answer 22

Demanded an English withdrawal from Ireland and set up a provisional govt under De Valera

Question 23

What did the Irish provisional govt do?

Answer 23

Established its own courts of law and collected taxes

Question 24

What did the British government declare illegal in 1919?

Answer 24

Sinn Fein and the Dail

Question 25

What group did DLG recruit to deal with the IRA?

Answer 25

‘Black and Tans’

Question 26

Why did the Irish hate the ‘black and Tans’?

Answer 26

Due to their brutal tactics

Question 27

Who put pressure in the coalition for a change of policy and condemned British actions?

Answer 27

USA, League of Nations and The Dominions

Question 28

What act provided a parliament in Belfast to govern the six counties of Ulster and lead to a separate Northern Ireland being established?

Answer 28

The December 1920 Government of Ireland Act

Question 29

What terms did DLG propose as part of the Anglo- Irish treaty?

Answer 29

Ireland become a self- governing dominion of the British empire, British still able to use Irish ports as naval bases and use Irish harbours during wartime and six counties of Northern Ireland would continue as part of UK with their own parliament and administration

Question 30

How did he convince Sinn Fein to sign the Anglo- Irish treaty?

Answer 30

Convinced them that Ulster remain separate as it was so small and unviable it would soon join the United Ireland, also pointed out that this could be their last chance for a settlement as if it failed he would have to resign and Bonar Law would take over (opposed to home rule)

Question 31

When was the Anglo-Irish treaty signed?

Answer 31

December 1921

Question 32

when was the war of independence?

Answer 32

1919-21

Question 33

what did the number of deaths reach during war of independence?

Answer 33

1000

Question 34

what was the conflict of the war of independence described as?

Answer 34

terror and counter-terror

Question 35

how many sinn fein clubs were there throughout Ireland with how many members by 1917?

Answer 35

1200 clubs with total of around 250,000 members