Britain 3- Social issues Flashcards
what percentage of the population were upper or middle class?
25%
what jobs would a typical upper middle class person have compared to a lower middle class person?
upper= factory owners, doctors, lawyers
lower= shopkeepers, clerks and self employed artisans
who created the poverty map of London?
Charles Booth
give 3 causes of poverty for families
low wages, lack of education, old age, sickness, premature death of the main wage earner, sickness, unemployment, poor diet
which political belief did Booth and Rowntree contribute to the growth of?
Liberalism
how much were the Liberal reforms going to cost?
£16 million
give three taxes the Liberal government were going to employ
income tax, super tax and inheritance tax
what was caused by the HOL rejection of the ‘Peoples budget’?
constitutional crisis
what years were the two education acts and which was which?
1906- provision of meals
1907- medical inspections
what did the 1906 education act do?
gave local authorities the power to provide free school meals for needy children
what did the 1907 education act do?
set up a school medical service and made it compulsory for LEAs to medically inspect schools
what year was the childrens act?
1908
what did the childrens act do? (3)
made parent neglect illegal, created juvenile courts and borstals, made it illegal to sell alcohol and tobacco to children
what year was the old age pensions act?
1908
what did the old age pensions act do?
pension of 5 shillings a week if single and 7 shillings and 6 dimes a week for a married couple
when was the trade boards act?
1909
what did the trade boards act do?
boards were set up to fix minimum wages and inspect conditions in certain trades
what year was the labour exchanges?
1909
what did labour exchanges do?
set up places where workers looking for a job + employers looking for workers could meet
what year were the national insurance acts and which was which?
1911- unemployment act
1911- sickness act
what did the national insurance unemployment act do?
workers and employers in certain trades had to contribute weekly to a national insurance fund. state topped this up out of taxation. enabled workers weekly benefit if unemployed
what did the national insurance sickness act do?
workers and employers paid weekly into a national fund which state topped off out of taxation
What statistic did Booth give for the level of poverty in London compared to the one the govt gave?
30.7%- Booth
25%- govt
What are the two classifications of the poor?
Deserving and undeserving
How did the poor attempt to support themselves at this tome? (Children)
Beg, private charities
How did the poor support themselves at this time? (Adults)
Poor law- outdoor relief paid to the needy in their own homes or the parish workhouse
Social reforms between 1908-14 were the work of which two ministers?
David Lloyd George and Winston Churchill
Give 3 examples of the ways that Liberals did not create a welfare state
Housing remained in short supply- 1909 Town planning act was permissive
No attempt to reform poor law
Np reform to education after 1906 education bill
Why was it wrong for the Lords to reject the reform to tax for the people’s budget?
Convention that the Lords should not interfere with money bills was broken
how many union members were there in 1913 and 1914?
4.1 million
