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EPPP - Clinical Psychology > Brief Therapies > Flashcards

Brief Therapies Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 5 types of Brief Therapies?

A
  1. Interpersonal Psychotherapy
  2. Solution-Focused Therapy
  3. Transtheoretical Model
  4. Motivational Interviewing
  5. Brief Psychodynamic Psychotherapy
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2
Q

What are the focus and primary goals of Interpersonal Psychotherapy?

A
  • based on the medical model
  • focuses on interpersonal factors that contribute to current symptoms
  • goals are symptom relief and improved interpersonal functioning
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3
Q

What is Interpersonal Psychotherapy used to treat?

A
  • depression (originally developed for)
  • bipolar disorder
  • eating disorders
  • other disorders
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4
Q

What happens in the initial stage of Interpersonal Psychotherapy?

A
  • determine the client’s diagnosis
  • determine interpersonal context of the client’s symptoms
  • identify the primary problem area that will be the focus of treatment
  • assign client the “sick role” to allow for being ill without blame and to view illness as treatable
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5
Q

What happens in the middle phase of Interpersonal Psychotherapy?

A
  • use a variety of strategies to address the problem area identified in the initial stage
  • examples are encouragement of affect, role-playing, communication analysis, and decision-analysis
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6
Q

What happens in the final phase of Interpersonal Psychotherapy?

A

address issues related to termination and relapse prevention

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7
Q

What are the focus and primary goals of Solution-Focused Therapy?

A
  • focuses on solutions to problems
  • adopt a goal-directed collaborative approach
  • use several types of questions to help clients identify treatment goals and personal strengths and resources that will help them achieve those goals
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8
Q

What are the common questions used in Solution-Focused Therapy?

A
  1. The miracle question
  2. Exception questions
  3. Scaling questions
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9
Q

The Transtheoretical Model is based on the assumption that…

A

strategies are most effective when they match the person’s stage of change

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10
Q

What are the 6 stages of change in the Transtheoretical Model?

A
  1. Precontemplation
  2. Contemplation
  3. Preparation
  4. Action
  5. Maintenance
  6. Termination
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11
Q

Describe the Precontemplation Stage of the Transtheoretical Model.

A
  • no intention of taking action to change their behaviors in the next six months
  • may be in denial about their problems or believe that change is impossible because of past failed attempts
  • likely to resist advice or change interventions
  • may benefit from consciousness raising, dramatic relief (experiencing and expressing emotions), and environmental reevaluation (examining how the environment affects their behavior)
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12
Q

Describe the Contemplation Stage of the Transtheoretical Model.

A
  • plan to change in the next six months but ambivalent about changing
  • may be difficult to transition to the next stage
  • benefit from self-reevaluation (evaluating how they feel about the situation) in addition to the precontemplation stage strategies
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13
Q

Describe the Preparation Stage of the Transtheoretical Model.

A
  • plan to take action within the next month
  • useful strategies for these individuals support their decision to change and include self-reevaluation and self-liberation (believing that change is possible and making a commitment to change)
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14
Q

Describe the Action Stage of the Transtheoretical Model.

A
  • taking action to change their behaviors

- effective strategies include contingency management, stimulus control, and counterconditioning

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15
Q

Describe the Maintenance Stage of the Transtheoretical Model.

A
  • have maintained the desired behavior change for six months
  • focus of treatment is relapse prevention which involves the same strategies useful for individuals in the action stage (contingency management, stimulus control, counterconditioning)
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16
Q

Describe the Termination Stage of the Transtheoretical Model.

A

client is confident that their risk for relapse is low

17
Q

What are the 3 factors that affect motivation to change according to the Transtheoretical Model?

A
  1. decisional balance (beliefs about pros/cons of change)
  2. self-efficacy (confidence about ability to change)
  3. temptation (intensity of urge to do undesirable behaviour)
18
Q

Motivational Interviewing incorporates concepts and principles of Rogers’s ________ therapy and Prochaska and DiClemente’s ______ model as well as Bandura’s concept of _______ and Festinger’s notion of ________ _______.

A

Motivational interviewing incorporates concepts and principles of Rogers’s person-centered therapy and Prochaska and DiClemente’s transtheoretical model as well as Bandura’s concept of self-efficacy and Festinger’s notion of cognitive dissonance.

19
Q

Motivational Interviewing assumes that interventions are most effective when:

A

they match the client’s stage of change

20
Q

During which stages of the Transtheoretical Model is Motivational Interviewing most useful?

A
  1. precontemplation

2. contemplation

21
Q

What are the 4 main techniques used in Motivational Interviewing?

A
  1. expressing empathy
  2. supporting self-efficacy
  3. developing a discrepancy (helping clients see the difference between their behaviors and goals)
  4. rolling with resistance (decreasing client resistance by avoiding arguments and power struggles)
22
Q

What 3 strategies are used to elicit and reinforce “change talk” in Motivational Interviewing?

A
  1. questions
  2. reflections
  3. affirmations
23
Q

What 6 characteristics do Brief Psychodynamic Psychotherapies share?

A
  1. assume that change can occur during a brief therapy
  2. believe therapy should have limited goals made during the initial sessions
  3. only appropriate for certain types of clients
  4. practitioners adopt an active role from the beginning of therapy
  5. practitioners emphasize the development of positive (versus negative) transference
  6. practitioners address concerns related to termination of therapy early in treatment

EPPP - Clinical Psychology (7 decks)

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