Bridging Innate And Adaptive Immunity

Question 1

Cells of the immune system communicate by

Answer 1

Cytokines

Question 2

Type of cytokines

Answer 2

Chemokines
Interferons
Interleukins
TNF

Question 3

B cell ag recognition results with

Answer 3

Ab production—>Phagocytosis ,Complement activation

Question 4

Helper T cell ag recognition by APCs results with

Answer 4

Cytokine release—> IFNg to Macrophage, Neutrophil; IL-2 to T and B cell activation

Question 5

Characteristic markers of NK cells

Answer 5

CD16
CD56

Question 6

NK cells activated by which cytokines

Answer 6

IL-12
IL-15
IL-18

Question 7

Activation of NK cells by cytokines results with

Answer 7

NK-cell IFN-y secretion

Question 8

Characteristic feature of NK cells receptors

Answer 8

Receptors are both inhibitory and activators

Question 9

Viral infected cells secrete which type of IFN

Answer 9

IFN-a
IFN-betta

Question 10

Roles of viral infected cell interferons

Answer 10

Induce resistance to viral replication in all cells
Increase expression of ligands for receptors on NK cells
Activate NK cells to kill virus-infected cells

Question 11

2 types of NK cell receptors that have inhibitory and activating receptors

Answer 11

Lectin-like receptors
Ig-like receptors

Question 12

Inhibitory receptor and activating receptor of NK cells bind to which specific molecules

Answer 12

Activating— NK ligand
Inhibitory— HLA

Question 13

The 2nd pathway for NK cell receptor activation

Answer 13

Interaction of NK cell with virus-infected cell causes the expression of NKG2D receptor on NK Cell and MIC ligand on virus infected cell

Question 14

Antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity

Answer 14

Fc receptors on NK cells recognize bound ab — CD16
Cross linking of Fc receptors signals the NK cell to kill the target cell

Question 15

Differences between NK cell and NKT cell

Answer 15

NK cells have CD56,CD16
NKT cells have CD56,CD16 and CD3

Question 16

Roles of NKT cell

Answer 16

Recognize lipids bound to CD1
Release cytokines IFN-y and IL-4 after activation
Protection against mycobacteria
Helps B cells produce ab against lipid antigens

Question 17

Gamma delta T cells recognize

Answer 17

Abundant ag that do not require ag-presentation by APCs

Question 18

Major roles of DCs

Answer 18

Ag capture and transport
Ag presentation — by IL-12 secretion, by CTLA-4

Question 19

***DCs take ag and present it to

Answer 19

Naive T cells

Question 20

Which type of DC capture ag

Answer 20

Immature DC

Question 21

When immature DC get activated

Answer 21

After capturing the ag it is activated and now it can present ag

Question 22

DC cross-presentation

Answer 22

Normally DCs present ag to CD4
But when they are virally infected we want to present them to CD8 in order to kill them
With cross-presentation we present ag with DC to CD8