Bridging Course 3-4 (ppt slides)

Question 1

With Wohler, identified the first example of isomerism in chemical compounds in 1825

Invented the kaliapparat (a device to measure carbon content of organic compounds) and the Liebig condenser

Correctly identified that nitrogen is an essential plant nutrient, and developed nitrogen-based fertilizers

Answer 1

Justus Von Liebig

Question 2

Accidentally synthesised urea in 1828, disproving that organic compounds could only be made by living things

Co-discoverer of beryllium and silicon

Identified common fragments in organic compounds with Liebig

Along with Liebig, pioneered laboratory-based education

Answer 2

Friedrich Wohler

Question 3

is best known for his work on the structure of benzene

Answer 3

August Kekule

Question 4

used X-ray crystallography to show that all of the carbon-carbon bonds in a benzene ring are the same length
proved it was a flat molecule

Answer 4

Kathleen Lonsdale

Question 5

is famed for his work on chemical bonding, for which he won a Nobel prize in chemistry. He proposed the the electronegativity scale

Answer 5

Linus Pauling

Question 6

One of the principal founders of organic chemistry
father of the fertilizer industry

Answer 6

Justus von Liebig

Question 7

He discovered benzene by extracting it from cylinders of compressed illuminating gas which had been collected from the pyrolysis of whale oil

Answer 7

Michael Faraday

Question 8

with Liebig, they explored isomerism
synthesis ammonium cyanate -> urea

Answer 8

Friedrich Wohler

Question 9

one of the pioneers of organometallic chemistry pioneered the concept of combining power or valence

Answer 9

Edward Frankland

Question 10

he depicted benzene as a flat molecule

Answer 10

August Kekule

Question 11

with Kekule, they independently recognized that C can link directly to one another to form carbon chains: C is tetravalent

Answer 11

Archibald Scott Couper

Question 12

….First winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
….His work helped found the modern theory of chemical affinity, equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics
….He formulated the theory of the tetrahedral C and laid the foundations of stereochemistry
….He is one of the founders of physical chemistry

Answer 12

Jacobus van’t Hoff

Question 13

He discovered the covalent bond and conceptualized electron pairs
….His Lewis dot structures and other contributions to valence bond theory have shaped modern theories of chemical bonding

Answer 13

Gilbert Lewis

Question 14

….One of the founders of the fields of quantum chemistry and and molecular biology
….He formulated the concept of orbital hybridization and devised the first accurate scale of electronegativities of the elements
….He also worked on the structures of biological molecules, and showed the importance of the alpha helix and beta-sheet in the secondary structure of proteins

Answer 14

Linus Pauling

Question 15

She used X-ray crystallography to show that C-C bonds in a benzene ring are of the same length

Answer 15

Kathleen Lonsdale

Question 16

He developed the Huckel method of approximate molecular orbital (MO) calculations on n electron systems

Answer 16

Erick Huckel

Question 17

He discovered the Grignard reagent (RMgX) and Grignard reaction, which are important in the formation of C-C bonds

Answer 17

Victor Grignard

Question 18

He discovered the Fischer esterification
….He developed the Fischer projection
….He hypothesized the lock and key mechanism of enzyme action

Answer 18

Emil Fischer

Question 19

C triple bond to N

Answer 19

Nitrile/Cyano

Question 20

N=N

Answer 20

azo

Question 21

N=N=N

Answer 21

Azide

Question 22

ethene common name

Answer 22

ethylene

Question 23

ethyne common name

Answer 23

acetylene

Question 24

CH3SH common name

Answer 24

methyl mercaptan

Question 25

methanal common name

Answer 25

formaldehyde

Question 26

ethanal common name

Answer 26

acetaldehyde

Question 27

propanone common name

Answer 27

acetone

Question 28

ethanoic acid common name

Answer 28

acetic acid

Question 29

acetic anhydride common name

Answer 29

ethanoic anhydride

Question 30

methyl ethanoate common name

Answer 30

methyl acetate

Question 31

ethanamide common name

Answer 31

acetamide

Question 32

ethanenitrile or acetonitrile common name

Answer 32

methyl cyanide