Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuroanatomy > Breedlove Basic Anatomy > Flashcards

Breedlove Basic Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between Golgi and Nissl stains?

A

Golgi stains fill the whole cell, while Nissl stains outline the cell body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Explain retrograde labeling and what Horseradish has to do with it.

A

Retrograde Labeling determines the origin cells of a set of axons / axon terminals. For this Horseradish Peroxidase (an enzyme) is injected into the nervous system and any axons that have their terminals here, will transport is back to the cell body. This can be made visible using chemicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How is the brain seen in a Midsagittal view?

A

Cut in half, from the side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is the brain seen in a basal view?

A

From below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a sulcus?

A

Valley

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a gyrus?

A

Hill

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the four lobes?

A

Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The fissure, that divides the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe is called the…

A

Central sulcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The pre and post-central gyri are located … and … the … and are central for … and …

A

In front of; behind; central sulcus; somatosensory information; motor control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The two hemispheres are interconnected by a large axon structure called the …

A

Corpus callosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why is the white matter white?

A

Because of the Myelin surrounding the axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Scientific terms for front and back:

A

Anterior and posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the coronal plane.

A

Front/back view of the brain cut in a vertical plane from left to right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name and explain the central terms for orientation in the brain. (8)

A 
Medial – towards the middle
Lateral – towards the sides
Ipsilateral – on the same side
Contralateral – on the other side
Anterior/rostral – front end
Posterior/caudal – tail end
Dorsal – at the back (the top in humans and other animals standing upright)
Ventral – toward the bottom of the brain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Referring to the direction of nerves, there are the two terms…

A

Afferent – going into the region of interest

Efferent – going away from the region of interest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Gray matter is dominated by…

A

cell bodies and dendrites without myelin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the structure of the CNS in embryos?

A
  • Neural Tube

- Walls are made out of cells, inside is filled with fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name the three main divisions of the brain (and their technical terms), which emerge first in development

A
  • Forebrain (Prosencephalon)
  • Midbrain (Mesencephalon)
  • Hindbrain (Rhombencephalon)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The Telencephalon will at some point give rise to the ….

A

cortex, basal ganglia, limbic system

20
Q

The Diencephalon includes …

A

Thalamus, Hypothalamus

21
Q

The Telencephalon and the Diencephalon are both part of what was before the…

A

Forebrain (Prosencephalon)

22
Q

The Hindbrain’s two subparts are called:

A

Metencephalon, Myelencephalon

23
Q

What does the Metencephalon develop into?

A

Cerebellum, Pons

24
Q

The Myelencephalon is more commonly called the…

A

Medulla

25
Q

What is a Nucleus?

A

A cluster of neurons

26
Q

A cluster of neurons in the peripheral is not called Nucleus, but…

A

Ganglia

27
Q

The caudate nucleus belongs to the…

A

Basal Ganglia

28
Q

What are the Nuclei that make up the basal Ganglia?

A

Caudate Nucleus
Putamen
Globus Pallidus

29
Q

The substantia Nigra is found in the … and is functionally related to the …

A

Brainstem, Basal Ganglia

30
Q

The fornix is a tract between which brain structures?

A

Hippocampus and Mammillary Body

31
Q

The midbrain is mostly responsible for…

A

sensory and motor systems

32
Q

The set of 4 bumps or colliculi in the midbrain are referred to as:

A

The tectum

33
Q

The Tectum can be subdivided into the…

A

superior and inferior colliculi

34
Q

What are the superior and inferior colliculi responsible for?

A

Processing visual (superior) and auditory (inferior) information

35
Q

Loosing the substantia nigra leads to the disease…

A

Parkinson

36
Q

The cerebellum is attached to the…

A

Pons

37
Q

Important cells for learning in the cerebellum are…

A

Purkinje cells
Granule cells
Parallel Fibers

38
Q

Vital Body functions are maintained in the…

A

Medulla

39
Q

The neocortex is now referred to as the…

A

isocortex

40
Q

What is the name of the protective membranes around the CNS?

A

Meninges

41
Q

What are the three layers of the meninges from outside to inside?

A

Dura Mater
Arachnoid
Pia Mater

42
Q

What is the purpose of the CSF?

A
  • Physical Protection against impact

- Medium of exchange of materials like nutrients

43
Q

How many Ventricles are there?

A

4

44
Q

The brainstem consists of:

A

Myelencephalon, Pons (Metencephalon), Tectum/Tegmentum (Mesencephalon)

45
Q

What is the massa intermedia?

A

Grey matter connecting the thalami, present in about 70% of humans.

Neuroanatomy (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions