Breeding And Engineering

Question 1

Selective breeding is

Answer 1

When humans artificially select the plants and animals that are going to breed so that the genes for particular characteristics remain in the population

Question 2

3 uses of selective breeding

Answer 2

• useful to produce more efficient food
• useful to explore medical uses
• useful to have more efficient competitive animals

Question 3

Risks of selective breeding

Answer 3

• reduces the gene pool creating inbreeding
• new disease can occur no variation to combat
• genetic defect from inbreeding

Question 4

Genetic engineering is

Answer 4

Modifying an organisms genome to introduce a desirable characteristic

Question 5

Benefits of genetic engineering

Answer 5

• get help with agriculture

- help overcome genetic diseases

Question 6

Drawbacks in genetic engineering

Answer 6

• don’t last as long and could create health problems
• can transplace genes creating negative effects like super weeds
• could effect the food chain

Question 7

The process of genetic engineering

Answer 7

The DNA YOU want to insert is cut out with a restriction enzyme. The vector DNA is cut open using the same restriction enzyme.
The vector DNA and DNA you’re inserting are left with sticky ends.
They’re inserted with ligase enzymes
The recombinant DNA is inserted into other cells.
They now produce the characteristic you want and reproduce it.

Question 8

What is a plasmid

Answer 8

Plasmids are small, circular molecules of DNA that can be transferred between bacteria.