Breast - Dobson Flashcards

1
Q

Reproductive age woman (under 35). Small, well-circumscribed, mobile mass. Changes in size and tenderness with menstrual cycle

Cancer risk?

A

Fibroadenoma

No

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2
Q

Reproductive age woman (> 35). Bilateral and/or multifocal breast pain or lumpiness that changes with menstrual cycle. Fluid-filled dilated ducts, apocrine metaplasia, stromal fibrosis.

Cancer risk?

A

Fibrocystic changes

No

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3
Q

Palpable breast mass, increased compacted acini w/ stromal fibrosis. Calcifications on mammogram.

Cancer risk?

A

Sclerosing adenosis

1.5-2x risk

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4
Q

Increased cells in terminal ductal or lobular epithelium.

What means cancer risk?

A

Epithelial hyperplasia

Atypia

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5
Q

Older reproductive-age, large breast mass, proliferative stroma covered by epithelium, lobulations. Nuclear pleomorphism, stromal overgrowth, high mitotic rate.

Cancer risk?

A

Phyllodes tumor

Small chance

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6
Q

Painless breast mass, skin thickening or retraction. Neutrophils and macrophages. Giant cells, calcifications, hemosiderin

A

Fat necrosis

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7
Q

Fever, red painful breast. Eventually develops small masses. Improves w/ antibiotics.

What are the masses?

A

Acute mastitis

Staph. aureus abscesses

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8
Q

Smoker. Painful red sub-areolar mass that recurs. Inverted nipple.

Characteristic?

A

Squamous metaplasia of lactiferous ducts

Fistula tract, opens onto skin at areola edge

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9
Q

Middle age woman, multiple kids. Palpable peri-areolar mass. Thick white nipple secretions. Numerous lipid-laden macrophages. Inflammation

A

Duct ectasia

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10
Q

Causes of gynecomastia (males)

A

Liver cirrhosis
Klinefelter syndrome (hypogonadism)
Testicular tumor
Drugs (various)

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11
Q

Most important risk factor for breast cancer

A

1st degree family history

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12
Q

Most important prognostic factor for breast cancer

A

LN involvement (or metastasis)

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