breast cancer

Question 1

breast cancer risk factors

Answer 1

early menarche
late menopause
nulliparous
obesity
chest radiation
HHRT post menopause

Question 2

breast cancer staging

Answer 2

stage 1: less than 2cm, no lymph node involvement
stage 2: 2 to 5cm with or without lymph nodes
stage 3: greater than 4 positive lymph nodes
stage 4: mets

Question 3

Breast cancer screening

Answer 3

brca mutations

strong family history

Question 4

Ductal carcinoma in situ

Answer 4

stage 0 cancer
calcification on mamography
surgical resection
tamoxifen if estrogen receptor positive
97% surival at 15 years with therapy

Question 5

invasive breast cancer therapy

Answer 5

breast conserving therapy - tumor 5cm or less
mastectomy
post surgical radiation therapy

Question 6

breast cancer adjuvent endocrine therapy

Answer 6

eradicate microscopic disease
tamoxifen if estrogen receptor positive. longer therapy shown to be superior.

aromatase inhibitors- stop peripheral conversion of
androgens to estrogens. post menopausal only

Question 7

tamoxifen

Answer 7

estrogen receptor blocker
used to to treat estrogen receptor positive breast cancer

increases risk of endometrial cancers
increases risk of thrombosis

Question 8

aromatase inhibitors

Answer 8

anastrazole, letrozole

block peripheral conversion of androgens to estrogen
only used

Question 9

breast cancer adjuvent chemotherapy

Answer 9

hormone receptor negative cancer

HER2 positive cancers

Question 10

trastuzumab

Answer 10

monoclonal directed to her2 positive cells
added to adjuvent breast cancer therapy

risk of cardiomyopathy

Question 11

breast cancer follow up

Answer 11

regular mamography