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Year2 MSK exam2 > Brandau > Flashcards

Brandau Flashcards

1
Q

stiffening of body and laryngospasm type seizure in child suggest what ion imbalance

A

Ca– tetany type

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2
Q

lab test with newborn seizure

A

electrolyte panel

glucose stick- “dextrose stick”

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3
Q

seizure in infant

A

withdrawl narcotics in mom
cerebral bleed
electrolyte
glucose

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4
Q

seizing infant with hypoCa

A

hook up IV to replenish Ca

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5
Q

folic acid deficiencies assoc with

A

neurotube defects

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6
Q

what Vit is important in pregnancy beside folic acid

A

Vit D

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7
Q

what vit needs to be added in breast fed infants

A

vit D

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8
Q

digeorge

A

22q11.2
cardiac
esophagus
thymus

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9
Q

how does body replensish Ca

A

bone resorption

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10
Q

metabolic defect causing cataracts

A

galactosemia

galactose kinase deficiency

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11
Q

no red reflex in child

A

retinoblastoma

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12
Q

chvostek sign

A

hypoCa

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13
Q

why check BUN Cr in hypoCa in child

A

make sure renal handling of Ca is okay

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14
Q

low Ca but high phosphorus

normal PTH

A

hypoPTH

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15
Q

dec 25, hydroxyvitD
normal 1,25 dihydroxy vit D
child

A

not ricketts

most likely secondary to mothers lack of Vit D prenatal vitamins

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16
Q

how can sepsis cause hypoCa

A

macrophages generated cytokines can effect PTH secretion

17
Q

clinical signs hypoCa

A 
jitteriness
generalized convulsions
focal seizures
lethargy
poor feedings
18
Q

what are you looking for when do CXR for thymic shadow

A

catch22

19
Q

stage 1 rickets

A

D3 deficiency

dec Ca absorption and Ca drop so PTH inc

20
Q

stage 2 rickets

A

PO4 reabsorption dec, inc renal PO4 in kidneys
dec 25,D3
Ca maintained by PTH action on bone

21
Q

predisopose to rickets

A

lack sunlight
lack commercial milk
anticonvulsive therapy

22
Q

clinical signs vit D def

A

tetany
growth retardation
frontal bossing
rossary

23
Q

lab findings rickets

A 
low serum Ca
low serum phosphorus
high alk phos
high PTH
low 25,D3
24
Q

hypophosphatemic rickets

A

genetic
auto dominant or X linked
dec Ca and phosphorus

25
Q

clinical feature Vit D resistant Rickets

A

really low phosphorus!!!
normal Ca
normal or slightly elevated PTH

26
Q

what is renal insufficiency rickets

A

cant get rid of phosphorus because renal excretion impaired
PO4 inc, Ca absorption reduced
synthesis Vt D impaired

27
Q

labs in renal insufficiency rickets

A 
high PO4!!
low Ca
high PTH
alk phos inc
inc serum Cr and BUN

Year2 MSK exam2 (17 decks)

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