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Neurology > Brainstem; Medulla > Flashcards

Brainstem; Medulla Flashcards

1
Q

lesion of corticospinal fibers above the pyramidal decussation

A

contralateral motor deficit

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2
Q

lesion of corticospinal fibers below the pyramidal decussation

A

ipsilat motor deficits (ie in the SC)

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3
Q

lesion of STT in medulla

A

contralat loss of pain and temp sensation from body

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4
Q

1st order neurons of the dorsal column

A

DRG

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5
Q

gracile and cuneate fasciculi carry what info

A

epicritic sensation

- conscious proprioception and fine touch

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6
Q

unilateral lesion of FC and FC in medulla at the level of the pyramidal decussation

A

ipsilateral loss of fine tough and prorioception

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7
Q

spinal nucleus of V

A

brainstem continuation of dorsal horn, but input from trigeminal n. from face via Spinal tract of V
contains 2nd order nuerons
relay info -> contralateral VPM
info; protopathic; temp, pain, crude touch

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8
Q

spinal nucleus of V, relays what type of info where?

A

protophathic info from face (pain, temp, crude touch)
to; VPM nucleus of the thalamus
via; STT

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9
Q

lesion of spinal nucleus of V or spinal tract of V

A

ipsilateral loss of pain and temp sensation form the face

loss of blink relfex (afferent limb)

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10
Q

sensory decussation

A

axons from 2ndary sens neurons in gracile and cuneate nuc decussate as internal arcuate fibers and become the medial lemniscus

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11
Q

lesion above the pyramidal decussation

A

contralateral UMN symptoms
(spastic paralysis, babinsky respons, hemiparethesis)
contralat loss of epicritic info from body

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12
Q

lesion of CN XII

A

hypoglossal n

impsilat weakness, fasciculations, and ipsilat deviation of tongue upon protrusion

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13
Q

medial lemniscus =

A

axons of 2ndary sensory neurons in contralat gracile & cuneate nuclei

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14
Q

internal arcuate fibers =

A

decussating sensory fibers before they form the medial lemniscus

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15
Q

lesion of medial lemniscus

A

contralat loss in conscious prop and fine touch info

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16
Q

somatotopy of medial lemniscus

A

info from lower limb = ventrally
info from upper limb = dorsally
(the man standing)

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17
Q

lateral (accessory) cuneate nucleus

A

relays unconscious info from upper limbs -> cerebellum

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18
Q

spinal nucleus of V, spinal tract of V

A

trigeminal n input from face
protopathic pain (pain, temp, crude tough)
to contralateral VPM nucleus of thalamus
Via; STT

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19
Q

lesion of spinal nucleus and tract of V

A

ipsilateral loss of pain and temp sensation from face

loss of blink reflex (afferent limb - sensory)

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20
Q

role of inferior olivary nucleus

A

beleived to play a role in motor learning via its connections (climbing fibers) with the cerebellum

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21
Q

lesion of CN XII

A

hypoglossal nerve
LMN signs
ipsilat deviation of the tongue

22
Q

solitary nucleus and tract recieves

A

general visceral sensation and special gustatory info

23
Q

lesion of salitary nucleus and tract

A

ipsilateral loss of taste sensation

24
Q

medial and inferior vestibular nuclei, lesion

A

part of balance control system

imbalance, nystagmus away from the lesion and dizziness

25
Q

dorsal and ventral cochlear nuclei, lesion

A

1st relay for auditory info forom cochlear n

ipsilat loss in hearing

26
Q

lesion of inferior cerebellar peduncle

A 
cerebellar ataxia (lack of vol coor of mmm mvmts)
hypertonia (ab increase in mm tension)
27
Q

the STT travels with what other tracts?

A

spinomesencephalic
spinoreticular tract
all together these 3 = anterolateral system or spinal lemniscus

28
Q

locations of VSCT crossings

A

1st ventral white commissure

2nd superior cerebellar peduncle

29
Q

medullary reticular formation

A

contributes to several functions;

sleep-arousal cycle, motor control, regulation of visceral activity

30
Q

origin of MRST

A

the medullary reticulospinal tract originates from the nnucleus gigantocellularis and terminates in spinal cord

31
Q

main function of MRST

A

facilitate flexor motor neurons

inhibit extensor motor neurons

32
Q

nucleus ambiguus

A

motor neurons controlling pharynx and larynx muscles

dorsal to inf olive w/in medullary reticular formation (difficult to id)

33
Q

lesion of nucleus ambiguus

A

loss of gag reflex (efferent limb)

horse voice and dysphagia

34
Q

lesion of the pyramid in the open medulla

A

-above the decussation;

contralat motor deficit

35
Q

somatotopy of the medial lemniscus in the medulla

A

oriented vertically
ventral - Lower limb (epicritic info)
dorsal - Upper limb (epicritic info)
(epicritic info = fine touch/proprioception)

36
Q

unilateral lesion of the medial lemniscus

A

contralat loss in proprioception and fine touch sensation from the body

37
Q

origin of the tectospinal tract

A

neurons in the superior colliculus

38
Q

function of the tectospinal tract

A

involved in the reflex of orientation of the head in response to visual, auditory, and somesthetic stimuli

39
Q

medial longitudinal fasiculus

A

ascending and descending tracts involved in control of head/neck mvmt and coordination of the vestibulo ocular reflex
(located; dorsal (above) tectospinal tract, which is above the medial lemniscus)

40
Q

unilat lesion of vestibular nuclei

A

imbalance
nystagmus away from the lesion
dizziness

41
Q

lateral vestibulospinal tract

A

LVST
descends to all spinal cord
faciliates MN controlling Antigrav Extensor mm

42
Q

medial vestibular nucleus

A

origin of medial vestibulospinal tract MVST

terminates at C and high T levels to control head/neck in relation to gravity

43
Q

dorsal and ventral cochlear nuclei

A

1st relay for Auditory info entering via the cochlear nerve

44
Q

unilateral lesion of cochlear nuclei

A

ipsilat loss in hearing

45
Q

inf cerebellar peduncle

A

includes many tracts - all cerebellar

46
Q

spinal nucleus and tract of V

A

carry pain and temp sens from face

47
Q

lesion of spinal nucleus and tract of V

A

ipsilat loss of pain and temp sens from the face

loss of blink reflex (afferent - sens limb)

48
Q

function of VSCT

A

provides the cerebellum with a motor copy (eff copy) of what the spinal motor neurons are being told to do

49
Q

medullary reticular formation

A

cont to sleep-arousal cycle, motor control, reg of visceral activity

50
Q

nucleus perpositus

A

involved in the control of eye mvmts (higher up in the midbrain aboveish the hypoglosseal nuc)

51
Q

lesion of the gracile or cuneate nucleus

A

ipsilat loss of epicritic info

Neurology (11 decks)

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