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physiology > brainstem > Flashcards

brainstem Flashcards

1
Q

somatic motor?

A

GSE:

CN 3,4,6,12

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2
Q

Visceral motor

both

A

SVE: Branchial motor
CN 5,7, ambiguus 9 and 10, and 11

parasympathetic GVE:
edinger westphal nucleus (3)
superior cn7:salivatory
inerior cn9: salivatory
dorsal motor of vagus: smooth muscle, cardiac and glands
acessory spinal nucleus: trapezius and SCM

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3
Q

nucleus ambuguus 9 and 10

A

in medullary formation
cell bodies of soft palate, larynx and pharynx
(speech and swallowing)

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4
Q

General Somatosensory (GSA)

A

Trigeminal nuclei (V, VII, IX, X)

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5
Q

Special Somatic Sensory (SSA)

A

Special Somatic Sensory (SSA)
Cochlear and vestibular (VIII)
Function: olfaction, vision, hearing, vestibular system

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6
Q

visceral sensory

A

GVA: nucleus solitarius caudal (IX, X)-cardio-respiratory and digestive
SVA: Taste-nucleus solitarius rostral (VII, IX, X)

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7
Q

reticular formation

A

a diffuse network of nerve pathways in the brainstem connecting the spinal cord, cerebrum, and cerebellum, and mediating the overall level of consciousness.

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8
Q

periaqueductal gray matter

A

pain supression

links amygdaloid body and ANS controls CN 3 and 4

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9
Q

Corpora quadrigemina

A

tectum
dorsal protrusions
Superior colliculi—visual reflex centers
Inferior colliculi—auditory relay centers

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10
Q

substantia niagra

A

functionally linked to basal nuclei

dopamnergic cells

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11
Q

Red nucleus

A

Red nucleus—relay nuclei for some descending motor pathways; part of reticular formation

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12
Q

functions of the medulla ob.

A

Functions overlap with hypothalamus
Hypothalamus relays instructions via medulla
Cardiovascular center
Cardiac center adjusts force and rate of heart contraction
Vasomotor center adjusts blood vessel diameter for blood pressure regulation
Respiratory centers
Generate respiratory rhythm
Control rate and depth of breathing (with pontine centers)
Additional medullary centers regulate: Vomiting, hiccupping, swallowing, coughing, and sneezing.

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13
Q

Inferior olivary nuclei

medulla

A

Inferior olivary nuclei—relay sensory information from muscles and joints to cerebellum

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14
Q

Vestibular nuclei (pons and medulla

A

mediate responses that maintain equilibrium

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15
Q

Spinocerebellar Tracts

A

Spinocerebellar Tracts
Ventral and dorsal tracts
Convey information about muscle or tendon stretch to cerebellum
Used to coordinate muscle activity

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16
Q

name ascending pathways

A

Dorsal column–medial lemniscal pathways
Spinothalamic pathways
Spinocerebellar tracts

17
Q

name indirect descending pathway

A

Reticulospinal and vestibulospinal tracts
Rubrospinal tracts
Superior colliculi and tectospinal tracts

18
Q

name direct descending pathway

A

pyramidal (corticospinal)l tracts

19
Q

spinothalamic tract

A

Transmit pain, temperature, coarse touch, and pressure impulses within lateral spinothalamic tract

20
Q

c fibers vs a delta fibers

A

Primary somatosensory unmyelinated (C fibers) and small myelinated (A delta fibers) that convey nociceptive information (fast, localizing pain), temperature sensation, and light, moving touch

21
Q

what conveys chronic pain

A

This spinothalamic tract system does not convey chronic, agonizing, deep pain that characterizes many chronic diseases; such chronic “slow” pain is conveyed through a vast polysynaptic network through the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and then the lateral reticular formation of the brain.

22
Q

spinocerebellar tract

A

Used to coordinate muscle activity

23
Q

lesions on spinocerebellar tract

A

Lesions results in ipsilateral ataxia, dysmetria, clumsiness, and mild hypotonia, with impaired ability to perform heel-to-shin testing and tandem walking).

24
Q

Dorsal Column–Medial Lemniscal Pathways

A

Transmit input to somatosensory cortex for discriminative touch and vibrations
Composed of paired fasciculus cuneatus and fasciculus gracilis in spinal cord and medial lemniscus in brain (medulla to thalamus) to primary somatosensory cortex

25
Q

trigeminal sensory

3 types

A

mesencephalic
chief
spinal trigemnal

26
Q

mesencephalic trigeminal

A

proprioception of muscles of mastication , tongue ans extraocular muscles
jaw jerk reflex

27
Q

chief trigemona;

A

fine touch and dental pressure

28
Q

spinal trigeminal

A

crude touch

pain and temp

29
Q

trigeminal neuroglia

A

Brief excruxiating pain

stopped by surgical decompression of blood vessel

30
Q

upper motor neuron syndrome

A

above alpha motor neuron
hypertonia
clonus
spacticity

31
Q

clonus

A

Clonus. Sometimes the stretch reflex is so strong that the muscle contracts a number of times in a 5-7 Hz oscillation

32
Q

What kind of CN Nuclei would control motor information about the thoracoabdominal viscera above the splenic flexture

A

parasympathetic GVE

33
Q

olfaction and visison don’t have ssnory nuclei in the brain stem
T/F ?

A

T

physiology (17 decks)

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