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Neuroanatomy > Brainstem > Flashcards

Brainstem Flashcards

1
Q

What landmarks are characteristic of the Midbrain (mesencephalon)? (Legs doing the splits)

A
  • Quadrigeminal plate (superior and inferior colliculi)
  • Cerebral peduncles
  • Cerebral aquaduct
  • Red nucleus (rostral end)
  • substantia nigra
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2
Q

What landmarks are characteristic of the Pons? (Uncle bob’s belly)

A
  • pons proper
  • middle cerebellar peduncle
  • Fourth ventricle
  • Basilar artery
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3
Q

What landmarks are characteristic of the Medulla? (butt crack)

A
  • Pyramid
  • Olive
  • Fourth Ventricle
  • Vertebral arteries
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4
Q

The alar plate deals with what neurons?

A

sensory

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5
Q

The basal plate deals with what neurons?

A

motor

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6
Q

What are the three Sensory nuclei?

A

1-Somatic Sensory
2-Hearing and balance sensory
3-Visceral sensory

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7
Q

What are the three Motor nuclei?

A

1-Visceral motor
2-Branchial motor
3-Somatic motor

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8
Q

What imaginary line separates the motor and sensory nuclei?

A

sulcus limitans

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9
Q

What does the oculomotor nucleus innervate?

A
  • Levator palpabrae superioris (eyelid muscle)
  • Superior rectus
  • Medial rectus
  • Inferior rectus
  • Inferior oblique

*CN III- occulomotor nerve

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10
Q

What happens to eye movement when the oculomotor nuclei is damaged?

A

eye deviates down and out with ptosis (droopy eyelid)

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11
Q

Edinger-westphal nucleus is visceral motor (para) that innervates what?

A

ciliary muscle and sphincter pupillae

*CN III

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12
Q

Parasympathetics _______ the pupil and Sympathetics _________ it

A

constrict, dilate

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13
Q

How do you test the trochlear nucleus (CN IV)?

A

Have them look in and down (trochlear innervates the inferior oblique)

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14
Q

Light sensory travels in via the ___________ nerve and the reflex of sphincter pupillae contraction goes out the __________

A

Optic (CN II)

Oculomotor (CN III, in consensual fashion)

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15
Q

The trigeminal motor nucleus is a branchial motor nucleus that innervates what?

A

muscles of mastication (mandibular articulation)

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16
Q

What is the general responsibility of the spinal trigeminal nucleus and tract?

A

receiving general sensory innervation from CN V-trigeminal

17
Q

What three regions does sensory information come to the trigeminal nucleus?

A

V1- ophthalmic region
V2-Maxilla
V3-Mandible

18
Q

The corneal reflex is sensory info from ___________ to the spinal trigeminal nucleus which then sends motor via the ____________

A

CN V1 (trigeminal ophthalmic region), Facial nucleus CN VII

*All happens in the pons

19
Q

Abducens nucles CN VI, does what?

A

abducts eye by innervating lateral rectus

20
Q

The superior salivary nucleus is visceral motor (para) that innervates what?

A

Submandibular and sublingual glands

lacrimal gland

21
Q

The branchial, facial nucleus is responsible for what?

A

innervation of facial expression muscles

22
Q

What nuclei are found in the rostral midbrain?

A
  • occulomotor nucleus (Som. Motor)
  • Ed westphal nucleus (Visc. motor)

*occulomotor nerve CN III

23
Q

What nuclei is found in the caudal midbrain?

A

Trochlear nucleus (CN IV)

24
Q

Which nuclei are found in the rostral Pons?

A
  • Motor trigeminal

- sensory trigeminal (V1, V2, V3)

25
Q

Which nuclei are found in the caudal pons

A
  • abducens nucleus (CN VI)
  • facial nucleus (CN VII)
  • Superior salvitory nucleus (CN VII)
26
Q

Which nuclei are found in the medulla?

A
  • hypoglossal
  • dorsal vagal
  • inferior salvitory
  • nucleus ambiguus
27
Q

What does the hypoglossal nucleus (CN XII) innervate?

A

movement of the tongue (genioglossus muscle)

28
Q

What does the dorsal motor nucleus (CN X vagus) innervate?

A

parasympathetic:

  • Heart
  • Trachea
  • GI tract
  • Accessory GI glands/organs
29
Q

What does the inferior salivatory nucleus (CN IX glossopharyngeal) innervate?

A

Parotid gland

30
Q

The bronchial motor Nucleus ambiguus (CN IX and X) innervates what?

A

1-Laryngeal muscles
2-palatal muscles
3-pharyngeal muscles

*like a lightswitch with three lamps

31
Q

What is the pathway of the corneal reflex?

A

s. CN V1 in
m. CN VII out

*in the pons

32
Q

What is the pathway of the gag reflex?

A

s. CN IX in
m. CN X out

*in the medulla

33
Q

What is the pathway of the pupillary light reflex?

A

s. CN II in
m CN III out

*midbrain

34
Q

What two CN are in the midbrain?

A

CN III oculomotor

CN IV trochlear

35
Q

Which CN are in the pons?

A

CN V trigeminal
CN VI abducens
CN VII facial
CN VIII vestibulocochlear

36
Q

Which CN are in the medulla?

A

CN IX Glossopharyngeal
CN X vagus
CN XI spinal accessory
CN XII hypoglossal

Neuroanatomy (10 decks)

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