brain test Flashcards
broca’s area
-region in the frontal lobe
-linked to speech production
-injury to it can cause aphasia
medulla
-at the base of the brainstem
-controls heartbeat and breathing
pons
-just above the medulla on the brainstem
-controls sleep
-helps coordinate movements
cerebellum
-at the rear of the brainstem
involved in…
-processing sensory input
-coordinating movement and balance
-nonverbal learning and memory
thalmus
-at the top of the brainstem
-relay station for incoming and outgoing sensory info (except smell)
what are the parts of the brainstem?
-pons
-medulla
-reticular formation
-thalmus
-cerebellum
amygdala
-2 lima bean sized neural clusters
-linked to emotion, fear, and aggression
hypothalmus
-below (hypo) the thalmus (egg shaped)
-directs eating, drinking, and body temp
-helps govern the endocrine system via the pituatary gland
-linked to emotion and reward
hippocampus
-small structure with 2 “arms” that wrap around the thalmus
-helps process for storage (explicit conscious) memories of facts and events
what are the parts of the limbic system?
-amygdala
-hypothalmus
-hippocampus
cerebral cortex
-outer most layer of the cerebrum
-most prominent part of the brain
-made up of gray matter that covers the white matter of the cerebrum
frontal lobe
-aka prefrontal cortex
controls functions like…
-judgement
-planning
-produdcing speech sounds
-emotions (controling them)
-personality
-temperament
-movement (works with motor cortex)
parietal lobe
controls functions like…
-body positions
-spatial reasoning
-touch
-pressure
-temp
-pain
temporal lobe
controls functions like…
-auditory
-recieves auditory info from opposite ear
-storing long term memories
-speech and language
-understanding
occipital lobe
controls functions like…
-all aspects of vision (primary visual cortex)
-recieves visual info primarily from opposite vision field
corpus callosum
-part of the brain made of white matter that connects the left and right hemispheres
-removed in split brain procedure
neuroplacticity
-the brain’s ability to continously change (especially during childhood)
happens by…
-reorganizing after damage
-building new pathways based on experience
-mending itself through neurogenesis (creating new neurons)
- this means that brain activity associated with a specific function can be transferred to a different location if the original area is damaged
split brain
-procedure where the corpus callosum is removed
-often done in severe epileptic paitents
left hemisphere functions
language: speech, grammar rules, reading, writing, arithmetic
memory: verbal memory
hearing: language sounds
vision: words, letters
right hemisphere functions
spatial ability: geometery, sense of direction, distance, mental rotation of shapes
language: emotional tone of speech
memory: nonverbal memory
hearing: nonlanguage sounds, music
vision: geometric patterns, faces, emotional expressions
