Brain Development

Question 0

Glutamate

Answer 0

Brain’s dominant excitatory NT. Acts at NMDA receptor

Question 1

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

Answer 1

Mental retardation
Attention deficit disorder
Dyslexia
Feminization 
Poor development of corpus collosum

Question 2

MK801

Answer 2

Blocks NMDA receptor, decreases neuronal activity.

Question 3

GABA

Answer 3

Dominant inhibitory nt. acts on GABA receptor.

Question 4

Phenobarbital

Answer 4

Increase ability of GABA receptors to inhibit neurons.

Question 5

Apoptosis

Answer 5

Cell suicide

Question 6

Phencyclidine (PCP) “angel dust”

Answer 6

NMDA antagonist, induces apoptosis.

Question 7

Apoptosis in neurons by…

Answer 7

Blocking NMDA receptor or increasing inhibitory response on neurons.

Question 8

Xanax (tranquilizer)

Answer 8

Mimics phenobarbital effect on GABA receptor

(increase ability of receptors to inhibit neurons)

Question 9

Nitrous Oxide and ketamine

Answer 9

Anesthetics. Cause cell death via NMDA receptor.

Question 10

Valproate and phenytoin

Answer 10

Anticonvulsants. Block sodium channels, induce apoptosis non young brains.

Question 11

Ethanol

Answer 11

Decreases neurogenesis.

Question 12

Early development

Answer 12

1. Neuron proliferation
2. Glial cell formation
3. Neuron migration

Question 13

Bomb radiation, coal factory, X-rays

Answer 13

Disrupts neural migration

Question 14

Hydrocephalus

Answer 14

Normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) blocked—>pressure in skull increases,

Question 15

Thimerasol

Answer 15

Vaccine preservative.
Hg is neurotoxin. (ethyl mercury)
Causes autistic behavior in mice.
Damages cells in culture.

Question 16

Methyl mercury

Answer 16

Toxic. Thimerasol is not.

Question 17

Chelation

Answer 17

Procedure that binds metals in the bloodstream. (Not good! Binds Hg, but also Ca.