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Nino OITE > Brachial Plexus > Flashcards

Brachial Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

2 branches of the UPPER TRUNK

A

1) suprascapular nerve

2) branch to subclavius

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2
Q

What is the common variant for teres major innervation?

A

up to 20% THORACODORSAL nerve

normal = lower subscapular nerve

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3
Q

LONG THORACIC nerve innervates ____

A

serratus anterior

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4
Q

3 muscles innervated by the MUSCULOCUTANEOUS nerve

A

coracobrachialis
biceps brachii
brachioradialis

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5
Q

4 muscles innervated by the MEDIAN nerve (before AIN branches)

A

pronator teres
FCR
FDS
palmaris longus

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6
Q

3 muscles innervated by the ANTERIOR INTEROSSEOUS nerve

A

FPL
lateral FDP
pronator quadratus

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7
Q

3 muscles innervated by the RECURRENT MOTOR BRANCH of the median nerve

A

opponens pollicis
abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis (superficial head)

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8
Q

MEDIAN nerve is derived from the ____ cord(s)

A

MEDIAL & LATERAL

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9
Q

MEDIAN nerve initially travels ____ to the ____ artery

A

LATERAL / BRACHIAL

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10
Q

MEDIAN nerve (in the forearm) travels between ____ and ____ muscles

A

FDP / FDS

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11
Q

AXILLARY nerve is derived from _____ spinal roots and is a direct continuation of the _____ cord

A

C5 & C6 spinal roots / POSTERIOR cord

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12
Q

AXILLARY nerve (in the axilla) lies posterior to the _____ and anterior to _____

A

posterior to AXILLARY ARTERY / anterior to SUBSCAPULARIS

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13
Q

After exiting the quadrangular space, the axillary nerve passes medial to the _____ then divides into 3 terminal branches

A

medial to the SURGICAL NECK of the humerus

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14
Q

MUSCULOCUTANEOUS nerve is the terminal branch of the ____ cord

A

LATERAL cord

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15
Q

MUSCULOCUTANEOUS nerve leaves the axilla and pierces ____ then passes down the arm superficial to ____ and deep to ____

A

pierces CORACOBRACHIALIS / superficial to BRACHIALIS / deep to BICEPS brachii

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16
Q

MUSCULOCUTANEOUS nerve pierces deep fascia lateral to biceps brachii, then emerges LATERAL to ____ and ____

A

emerges lateral to BICEPS TENDON & BRACHIORADIALIS

17
Q

ULNAR nerve is derived from ____ spinal roots and is a continuation of the ____ cord.

A

C8 & T1 spinal roots / MEDIAL cord

18
Q

Which nerve supplies the articular branch of the shoulder?

A

AXILLARY nerve

19
Q

Which nerve supplies the articular branch of the elbow?

A

ULNAR nerve

20
Q

ULNAR nerve (in the forearm) pierces ____ and travels deep to ____

A

pierces FCU and travels deep to FCU

21
Q

3 HYPOTHENAR muscles

A

FDMB (flexor digiti minimi brevis)
AbDM (abductor digiti minimi)
ODM (opponens digiti minimi)

22
Q

RADIAL nerve exits the axilla via the ____ and give branches to the ____

A

exits via the TRIANGULAR interval / branches to LONG & LATERAL TRICEPS brachii

23
Q

RADIAL nerve travels anterior to the ____ through the cubital fossa between ____ and ____

A

anterior to the LATERAL EPICONDYLE / between BRACHIALIS & BRACHIORADIALIS

24
Q

POSTERIOR INTEROSSEOUS nerve emerges through the ____ at the

A

through the SUPINATOR muscle at the ARCADE OF FROHSE

25
Q

POSTERIOR INTEROSSEOUS nerve innervates 8 muscles

A

EDC / EDM / ECU (common extensors)

Supinator / AbdPL / EPB / EPL / EIP (deep extensors)

26
Q

Last muscle to recover from a PIN palsy

A

EIP (extensor indicis proprius)

27
Q

3 muscles of the MOBILE WAD

A

brachioradialis
ECRL
ECRB

28
Q

Which nerve roots are involved with: ERB PALSY?

29
Q

Which nerve roots are involved with: KLUMPKE PALSY

30
Q

Which brachial plexus palsy is most common?

A

ERB Palsy (C5 & C6)

31
Q

How does ERB PALSY present?

A

ADDucted & INTERNALLY rotated at shoulder + PROnated & EXTENDed at the elbow
– affects axillary (C5), suprascapular (C5), musculocutaneous (C5), and radial nerves (C6)

32
Q

How does KLUMPKE palsy present?

A

CLAW HAND – wrist in extreme extension 2/2 unopposed extensors + hyperextension of MCP & IP flexion 2/2 loss of hand intrinsics

33
Q

Why do upper plexus injuries have an improved prognosis?

A

Because hand function is preserved

34
Q

If a patient presents with Horner’s Syndrome after traumatic UE injury, which muscles should be evaluated and why?

A

Evaluate SERRATUS anterior (long thoracic n.) and RHOMBOIDS (dorsal scapular n.) – if they are functioning then it is more likely that C5 injury is postganglionic

35
Q

If sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs) are normal on nerve conduction velocity testing, but the patient is still insensate in a nerve distribution, then the injury is __PRE or POST__ -ganglionic

A

PRE-ganglionic nerve injury

Nino OITE (16 decks)

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