Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharm > Box 2 Meds > Flashcards

Box 2 Meds Flashcards

1
Q

Etomidate (Amidate) MOA

A

GABA agonist- nonbarbiturate hypnotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Etomidate dosage

A

0.2-0.4 mg/kg (2-5mg)

Use in patient with low BP that can’t tolerate propofol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Etomidate Characteristics

A

O: 30-60 sec

P: < 1 min

D: 5-15 min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Etomidate E/M

A

Hepatic/PCe (plasma cholinesterase)

E: 80% renal/ 20% bile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Etomidate Considerations

A

Avoid in sepsis/hemorrhage (adrenocortical suppression)

Painful inj.
No renal dose needed
C/I: hx of seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Etomidate vial

A

20mg/10ml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ketamine (Ketalor) Class

A

PCP derivative: nonbarbiturate dissociative: NMDA Antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ketamine MOA

A

Noncompetitive NMDA antagonist, acts on opioid, muscarinic,and nicotinic receptors.

Highly lipid soluble but not protein bound = 5x higher brain concentration vs plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ketamine Dosage

A 
Ind: 1-2 mg/kg
Sub. Anesth: 0.2-0.5mg/kg
IM: 4-8 mg/kg
Inf: 1-2 mg/kg/hr
PO: 10mg

Ped: 5-10mg/kg PO
2-10 mg/kg IM
1-2 mg/kg IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ketamine characteristics

A

O: 30-60 sec

P: 1 min

D: 10-20 min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ketamine E/M

A

M: hepatic P450

E: Renal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ketamine Considerations

A

Causes emergence delirium (always give versed), Bronchodilation ,nystagmus

Avoid in PTSD, dementia, CAD, Pt with increased ICP, glaucoma

Increased myocardial O2 demand; inotropic effect— increases HR/BP

Used in burn pts for dressing change d/t amnestic effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon) MOA

A

Benzodiazepine antagonist. Binds competitively to GABA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Flumazenil dosage

A

0.2 mg IV (8-15 mcg/kg IV)

Give 0.1 mg every 60 sec to total of 1 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Flumazenil characteristics

A

O: 1-2 min

P: 2-10 min

D: 30-60 min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Flumazenil considerations

A

If no response is seen after 5mg then benzos are not the cause of sedation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Naloxone (Narcan) class

A

Nonselective opioid antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Naloxone MOA

A

Inhibits uptake of opioids at the opioid receptor site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Naloxone dosage

A

IV: 1-4 mcg/kg

Inf: 5mcg/kg/hr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Naloxone characteristics

A

O: IV: 2min, IM: 5 min

P: 5-15 min

D: 20-60 min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Naloxone E/M

A

M: liver in conjugation with glucuronic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Naloxone considerations

A

Can easily cross placenta- may produce withdrawal in opioid-dependent neonate

Pt with CV disease can develop pulmonary edema.

Increased SNS

23
Q

Ephedrine (Cophedra) Class

A

Synthetic noncatecholamine sympathomimetic

24
Q

Ephedrine MOA

A

Indirect/direct stimulates alpha & beta adrenergic receptors

Release endogenous NorEpi

25
Ephedrine Dosage
5-10 mg IV bolus (up to 25 mg)
26
Ephedrine characteristics
O: immediate (<1 min) P: immediate (2-5 min) D: 10-60 min
27
Ephedrine E/M
Slow: 40% unchanged in urine Small # liver
28
Ephedrine considerations
Increases HR, BP, CO Mydriasis & CNS stim. Less BP effect in repeat doses: less intense effect than Epi but 10x longer lasting No hyperglycemia like Epi Caution in elderly & heart dz: increases effect c/ TCAD/MAOIs Myocardial O2 consumption may be increased d/t positive inotropic effect
29
Epinephrine (Adrenaline) class
Endogenous catecholamine
30
Epinephrine MOA
Alpha 1-2, beta 1-2 adrenergic More direct beta Vasoconstriction Activates Na/K atpase= lower K
31
Ephedrine vial
50mg/ml
32
Epinephrine vial
1: 1000 = 1mg/ml 1: 10,000 = 0.1mg/ml
33
Epinephrine dosage
Inotropic: 2-20 mcg/min Or 0.1-1mcg/kg/min Dose limit for volatile IA is 6mcg/kg
34
Epinephrine characteristics
O: immediate P: 3 min D: 5-10 min
35
Epinephrine considerations
Increases HR/CO/contractility Decreases potassium and increases glucose: glycogenesis and suppresses insulin
36
Neo-synephrine (phenylephrine) Class
Synthetic non catecholamine
37
Neo-synephrine MOA
Direct alpha 1 adrenergic agonist: minimal beta effect Increases SVR, venoconstriction
38
Neo-synephrine dosage
IV: 50-200 mcg (to treat systemic hypotension) Infusion: 20-300 mcg/min
39
Neo-synephrine E/M
Liver cytochrome P450
40
Neo-synephrine characteristics
O: immediate P: 1 min D: 5-20 min
41
Neo-synephrine considerations
Caution in elderly, hyperthyroid, bradycardia, partial HB, or severe CAD Can interfere w/ K moving into cell (acts like NorEpi: less potent & longer acting) Reflex bradycardia d/t baroreceptor stimulation Phentolamine is used to tx toxicity
42
Atropine Class
Systemic Cholinergic antagonist
43
Atropine MOA
Antagonist of ACh at muscarinic receptors by inhibiting the action of ACh at postganglionic sites and inhibition of action of neurotransmitter on postsynaptic receptor M1, M2
44
Atropine dosage
Adult: 0.4-0.6 mg Ped: 0.02mg/kg
45
Atropine E/M
M: 1/2 liver E: 1/2 excreted unchanged in urine
46
Atropine considerations
“Red as beet (flushing), blind as a bat (extreme mydriasis), dry as a bone (lack of secretions/dry mouth), mad as a hatter (confusion), host as a hare (hyperthermia)” Tertiary amine so crosses BBB freely and can result in transient bradycardia Contra: narrow angle glaucoma, acute hemorrhage, tachycardia
47
Atropine characteristics
O: IV 1-2 min P: 2-4 min D: 1-2 hrs
48
Sufentanil (Sufenta) class
Opioid agonist
49
Sufentanil MOA
Mu opioid receptor agonist
50
Sufentanil dosage
Analgesia: IV 0.1-0.4 mcg/kg Induction: 2-10 mcg/kg Infusion 5-30 mcg/hr Rapid induction/earlier emergence/ext. 18.9 mcg/kg
51
Sufentanil characteristics
O: 1-3 min P: 5-6 min D: 20-45 min
52
Sufentanil considerations
Analgesia potency 5-10x > fentanyl (greater affinity for receptors) Large doses can cause chest wall rigidity Decrease in CMO2R and CBF
53
Sufentanil E/M
M: liver- CYP450 E: urine & bile 60% first pass pulmonary uptake

Pharm (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions