Bovine Ovarian Cysts Flashcards
Diagnosis of bovine ovarian cysts
- smooth, fluctuating rounded structures on one or both ovaries
- 2.5 cm diameter OR LARGER
- relate to other findings
What is the uterine tone of a cow with an ovarian cyst?
NO tone at all
Four soft structures that can be found on ovary
- mature follicle
- cysts
- CH
- CL of pregnancy -> often softer than the CL of cycling
Classification of Bovine Ovarian Cysts
- Pathological ovarian cysts
- follicular (80%)
- luteal (20%)
- Non-pathological ovarian cyst
- cystic CL
Clinical signs of pathological cysts
- interrupts estrous cycle
- anestrus = 90% of time
- nymphomania = 10% of time
Anestrus
> 24 days in length between estrums
Nymphomania
less than 18 days in length between estrums
What is the uterine tone of a cow with an ovarian cyst?
NO tone at all
Four soft structures that can be found on ovary
- mature follicle
- cysts
- CH
- CL of pregnancy -> often softer than the CL of cycling
Classification of Bovine Ovarian Cysts
- Pathological ovarian cysts
- follicular (80%)
- luteal (20%)
- Non-pathological ovarian cyst
- cystic CL
Clinical signs of pathological cysts
- interrupts estrous cycle
- anestrus = 90% of time
- nymphomania = 10% of time
Anestrus
> 24 days in length between estrums
Nymphomania
less than 18 days in length between estrums
Sterility Hump
- ligaments are super relaxed
- (CHECK ON THIS AGAIN!)
Pathological ovarian cysts are….
- diagnosed in both dairy and beef cows
- diagnosed in cattle of all ages
- most common during winter months
- most common in high producing cows
- assoc. w/ high protein rations
- most likely to occur 15 to 45 days postpartum
- likely to recur
- hereditary
- increased incidence through use of certain sire lines
What does “etiology” mean?
“cause”
Etiology of Pathological Ovarian Cysts
- failure of anterior pituitary to release sufficient amounts of LH to cause ovulation and development of corpus luteum
- and/ or lack of receptor sites on the follicle
Treatment of Pathological Ovarian Cysts
- spontaneous regression
- manual rupture
- treatment with GnRH or HCG
- GNRH or HCG followed by prostaglandin
- progesterone therapy
When treating pathological ovarian cysts, a recheck should be done in two weeks to check for what?
- decrease in size
- increased firmness
- luteinization of cyst
How long should it take a cow to come back into heat after luteinization of a cyst?
Roughly 14 days
10 days for cyst to luteinize and another 4-5 before she gets back into estrus
Among the types of pathological cysts, which is thin walled? Which is thick walled?
follicular = thin walled
luteal = thick walled
What percentage of cows with pathological ovarian cysts will respond to GnRH or HCG treatment and return to estrum in about 21 days?
80%
What can sometimes occur with follicular cysts to make them seem more like they are luteal cysts?
Sometimes there are several follicular cysts very close together that give a feel of being a luteal cyst
Treatment of non-responding ovarian cysts
GnRH 2 weeks GnRH 2 weeks HCG 2 weeks HCG 2 weeks Progesterone Therapy
8 total weeks used
