Bourgogne Flashcards
What is the climate of Bourgogne?
Continental with Atlantic influence in far North and Mediterranean influences in the far South
What river runs east of the most of the Bourgogne regions? Does it influence the climate?
Saône River. No
When does harvest typically start in Macon? Chablis?
What are famous threats in Bourgogne?
Early Sept in Macon, Late Sept in Chablis,
Threats: Spring Frosts, Summer Hail
Bourgogne’s oldest marine deposits/soils are in ___ and the youngest are in ____
Maconnais, Chablis
How many AOCs are in Bourgogne?
84
Chardonnay is the primary graps in all white wines except for which 3 regions?
Saint Vris, Bourzeron, Bourgogne Aligote
What is Cesar also known as?
Where can it be used?
Is it vulnerable to frost?
What type of wines can it make?
Romain
Department of yonne, or blended with Pinot Noir in Irancy AOC
Yes vulnerable to frost.
Rustic, tannic, spicy reds with generous ETOH.
What is Pinot Gris locally known as?
It is a primary grape for what types of wines?
Pinot Beurot
Marsannay and Bourgogne Rose wines
Pinot Blanc is ____ used.
It is a color mutation of _____.
It crafts wines of ____
Rarely
Pinot Gris
Neutral white, moderate acidity, notes of apple and almond
Where is Melon de Bourgogne used?
What are the notes?
Is it vulnerable to frost?
Coteaux Bourguignons and Cremant de Bourgogne
Notes of sea and citrus
No. Frost resistant
Where is Sacy grown?
How is it used?
What are the notes/traits?
Rare white grape, far north of Bourgogne
Cremant de Bourgogne, Coteaux Bourguignons (planted before 2009)
High acid, low alcohol, pear notes
Sauvignon Blanc is the primary grape of which AOC?
What grape is a pink skinned mutation of Sauvignon Blanc?
Saint Bris
Sauvignon Gris
What are the top 4 grape plantings in Bourgogne?
Chardonnay (51%), Pinot Noir (39.5%), Aligote (6%), Gamay (2.5%)
What tribe lived in present day Bourgogne before the Romans?
The Eduens (a Celtic tribe)
What is the claim to fame for the Abbey of Citeaux?
Founded n 1098
Famous for cheese made by monks
Claim to fame for Phillipe the Bold?
Outlawed Gamay in 1395 (why it’s not found in Cote d’Or
Claim to fame for John the Fearless?
Murdered King’s brother to control the state, then was assassinated himself
Claim to fame for Phillipe the Good?
- Captured Joan of Arc
2. Hospices de Beaune established during his reign
Claim to fame for Charles the Rash?
Died trying to conquer Alsace and Lorraine
Claim to fame for Hospices de Beaune?
Since 1859, yearly auction that is influential for setting prices
Result of the Napoleonic Code
Landowners had holdings divided equally, so today some vignerons literally farm a few rows of vines in a vineyard
What did King Louis Philippe do in 1847?
Granted village of Gevrey the right to add Chambertin (most famous vineyard) to its name
What happened in 1861?
1930?
1936?
- Comite d’Agriculture de Beaune produced first very detailed map of vineyards in Cote d’Or
- Bourgogne boundaries legally defined for first time
- AOC legislation
What % of Bourgogne's production is: Grand Cru AOC? Premier Cru? Village AOC? Regional AOC?
1%
10%
37%
52%
Grand Cru:
- what appears on the label?
- How many Grand Cru vineyards in Bourgogne?
- Vineyard name and “Grand Cru” NOT village name. exception is Chablis
- 33
Premier Cru:
- what appears on the label?
- What does it mean if there is no vineyard name on the label?
- How many Premier Crus are there?
- Vineyard name, village name, “Premier or 1er Cru”
- Blend from more than one Premier Cru climat
- 640->662 in 2019
- How many village AOCs are there?
2. What is the smallest administrative unit called?
- 44
2. Commune
Bourgogne AOC:
- which grapes?
- requirements for Bourgogne Gamay?
- How many DGCs?
- usually whites 100% chardonnay, reds 100% PN, although pinot blanc, pinot gris, and cesar (in north) can be used
- 85%+ Gamay, grapes from Beaujolais Crus
- 13
Macon AOC:
- grapes?
- how many DGCs?
- requirement for Macon-Villages wines?
- Whites 100% chardonnay. Reds PN and Gamay
- 26 DGCs for whites, 20 for reds (Gamay used only)
- Must be white and fomr chardonnay
Coteaux Bourguignons AOC:
- General or specific?
- White grapes?
- Red grapes?
- Rose grapes?
- Most general of AOCs (can also be used by Beaujolais producers)
- chardonnay, pinot blanc, aligote, melon
- Gamay, PN, Cesar (north)
- same as red + pinot gris
Cremant de Bourgogne AOC:
- Usable grape colors?
- Aging req?
- Aging req for Eminent?
- Aging req for Grand Eminent?
- White or rose
- At least 9 months on lees
- 24 months on lees
- 36 months on lees, 3 months in cellar, must be Brut and be at least 10% ETOH, only first 75% juice extracted from press can be used
Bourgogne Aligote AOC:
1. what is a Kir Cocktail?
Aligote + Creme de Cassis liqueur
Bourgogne Passe-tout-grains AOC:
1. Grape requirements?
- Red or rose, at least 30% PN 15% Gamay. grapes must be vinified together
What is Bourgogne Mousseux?
Sparkling red wine, PN or Gamay, 9+ months on lees, 3.5 atm+ pressure.
Top 4 Regional AOC Production %?
- Bourgogne AOC (39%)
- Macon/Macon-Villages AOC (28%)
- Cremant de Bourgogne AOC (19%)
- Bourgogne Aligote (11%)
Red/white wine production % in 1986? 2019?
60/40 -> 40/60
Bourgogne has how many:
- Cooperatives?
- Negociants?
- Estates?
- What % is sold thru negociants?
- 16 (called “Cave de (town name)
- 266
- 3577
- 52%
- What is notable about Saint-Romain vineyards?
- Chassagne-Montrachet?
- Chambolle-Musigny?
- Nuits St Georges?
Set in side valley away from main cote, high elevation, so whites not rich like most Cote de Beaune, piercing acidity more like Chablis
- East facing hillside (great exposure). ripened grapes with powerful, ruch, luxurious wines
- East facing slope, shallow soils (roots need to dig). Known for elegance/perfume
- Rich marly limestone/pebbly soils lead to meaty/spicy style of PN (as opposed to Chambolle)
- Lieu Dit means ___
2. Climat is a _____
- Named place (not necessarily wine related)
2. Winegrowing plot within an AOC
- What is lutte raisonee?
2. 2 famous producers who are now biodynamic?
- “reasoned struggle”- chemicals only when absolutely necessary
- Domaine de la Romanee Conti, Domain Leflaive
What is the most common training method in Bourgogne? What method is on the rise?
- Guyot
2. Cordon
Effects of climate change on :
- Ripening?
- Frost threats?
- Hail?
- earlier bud break, harvest about 10 days earlier.
- New delicate growth often happens BEFORe spring frosts (esp Chablis). Counter with: straw fires (bougies), windmills, water spraying
- 2017 “hail shield”- seeding clouds with silver oxide pellets