Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1st year - Botanical Medicine > Bot Med - Nervous System > Flashcards

Bot Med - Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

what results because of stress?

A
  • antimicrobial
  • vulnerary
  • anodyne
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what herbal actions are good for stress treatment?

A

adaptogen
immunostimulant / immunomodulants
nervines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

caution with regards to stress?

A

Infection: stress increases the risk of contracting various infection (e.g.
colds and flus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what does an adaptogenic do?

A

increases the ability of the body to cope with stress.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

when would one use an adaptogenic?

A 
stress
fatigue
athletic training
poor immune function
cancer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what herbs have adaptogenic properties;
steroidal saponins?
phenylpropenes?

A 
Steroidal saponins
• ginseng
• astragalus
• withania
Phenylpropenes
• rhodiola
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does an aphrodisiac do?

A

helps restore normal sexual function and improves sexual desire.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

when would one use an aphrodisiac?

A

erectile dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what herb has aphrodisiac properties?

A

Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what herbal action is used to treat erectile dysfunction?

A

aphrodisiac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what herbs are used to treat erectile dysfunction;
botanicals?
specific food?

A 
Botanicals
• Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng)
• gingko (Ginkgo biloba)
Specific food
• Celery
• Pomegranate juice
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

actions of korean ginseng (panax ginseng)?

A 
tonifies qi and nourishes yang
aphrodisiac
adaptogen
immunomodulator
anticancer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

when would one use korean ginseng?

A
  • stress
  • adrenal fatigue
  • exhuastion
  • diabetes mellitus type 2
  • sexual dysfunction
  • impotence
  • chemotherapy and radiation (adjunct)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

phytochemicals of korean ginseng?

A
  • Terpenoids

* Steroidal glycosides (ginsenosides)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

cautions regarding korean ginseng?

A

Contraindications: Acute infection.
Side effects: Increased blood pressure.
Caution: Use with anticoagulants (e.g. coumadin); may potentiate effects.
Hypertensive patients; monitor BP.
Pregnancy and lactation: Korean ginseng deemed safe.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Actions of Ashwagandha (withania somnifera)?

A 
adaptogen
sedative
nootropic
sexual tonic
immunomodulator
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

when would one use ashwagandha?

A
  • overstimulated states
  • insomnia
  • fatigue
  • nervous exhaustion
  • poor cognition, concentration
  • poor memory
  • erectile dysfunction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

comment on ashwagandha and Ayurvedic medicine?

A

Used as an adaptogen in Ayurvedic medicine; however unlike Panax ginseng it is calming rather than stimulating.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

actions of roseroot (rhodiola roasea)?

A 
adaptogen
sedative
nootropic
antidepressant
anxiolytic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

when would one use roseroot?

A
  • stress
  • adrenal fatigue
  • insomnia
  • mood disturbances
  • depression
  • anxiety
  • sexual dysfunction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

phytochemical of rosewood?

A

Phenylpropanoid glcyosides (salidoside, rosavin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

caution regarding rosewood?

A

Side effects: Insomnia (rare) if taken in the evening.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

action of licorice (glycyrrhiza glabra)?

A

adrenal tonic

adaptogenic (depends on source)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

phytochemical of licorice?

A

Triterpenoid saponin (Glycyrrhizin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

comment on the uniquiness of licorice?

A

Licorice helps the body cope to stress but through a different mechanism
than other adaptogens.
• inhibits the conversion of cortisol to cortisone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is insomnia?

A

The inability to fall or stay asleep.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

herbal actions to help treat insomnia?

A

sedative

hypnotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

herb to treat insomnia?

A

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what does a nervine do?

A

Benefits the nervous system and generally is considered to have a calming
or nouriousing effect.

30
Q

when would one use a nervine?

A

stress

insomnia

31
Q

herbs containing nervine properties?

A

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis)

Roseroot (Rhodiola rosea)

32
Q

what does a hypnotic (soporific) do?

A

induces or promotes sleep.

33
Q

when would one use a hypnotic?

A

insomnia

34
Q

herbs that contain hypnotic properties?

A

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis)

35
Q

Actions of valerian (valeriana officinalis)?

A

sedative
nervine
anxiolytic

36
Q

when would one use valarian?

A

insomnia
anxiety
seisures

37
Q

phytochemicals of valerian?

A
  • Sesquiterpenes (valerenic acid)

* Iridoid (valepotriates)

38
Q

what does valerian interact with in the body, and what effect does it have?

A

Interacts with GABA system and some serotonin receptors to have a
calming effect.

39
Q

caution regarding valerian?

A

Benzodiazepines - may potentiate their action.

40
Q

herbal action useful in treating anxiety?

A

sedative

41
Q

herbs useful for treating anxiety?

A

Roseroot (Rhodiola rosea)

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis)

42
Q

what does an anxiolytic do?

A

Decreases anxiety.

43
Q

herb with anxiolytic property?

A

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis)

44
Q

herbal actions useful to help treat poor cognition?

A

nootropic
adaptogen
stimulant

45
Q

herbs useful to treat poor cognition?

A
  • Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri)

* Roseroot (Rhodiola rosea)

46
Q

phytochemicals to treat poor cognition?

A

triterpenoids
steroidal soponins
lignans

47
Q

What does a nootropic do?

A

Enhances cognition and memory.

48
Q

when would one use a nootropic?

A

learning

poor memory

49
Q

herb containing nootropic properties?

A

Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri)

50
Q

actions of Brahmi (bacopa monnieri)?

A 
nootropic
nerve tonic
nervine
neuroprotective
adaptogen
51
Q

when would one use brahmi?

A
  • poor memory
  • poor concentration
  • nervous exhaustion
  • stress
52
Q

phytochemical of brahmi?

A

Triterpenoid saponins (e.g. Bacosides)

53
Q

herbal actions useful to treat depression?

A

antidepressant
serotonergic
dopanergic
MOA inhibitor

54
Q

herbs useful to treat depression?

A
  • St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum)

* Rhodiola (Rhodiola rosea)

55
Q

what does an antidepressant do?

A

Improves mood and decreases depression.

56
Q

when would one use an antidepressant?

A

depression

low moods

57
Q

what do antidepressants do in the body with regard to neurotransmitters? which ones?

A

Many antidepressants enhance the availability of various
neurotramsmitters involved in mood, including:
• serotonin
• dopamine
• GABA

58
Q

actions of St. John’s Wort (hypericum perforatum?

A

antidepressant

nervine

59
Q

when would one use St. john’s wort (hypericum perforatum)?

A
  • depression (mild to severe)
  • anxiety
  • nervous exhaustion
  • neuropathic pain
60
Q

phytochemicals in st. john’s wort?

A
  • Hyperforin

* Hypericin (anthraquinone-derivative)

61
Q

what does hyperforin, phytochemical in st. john’s wort, do?

A

Hyperforin inhibits the reuptake of certain neurotransmitters: norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine and GABA.

62
Q

what are actions of shaministic ritual?

A

entheogen
serotonergic
anticholinergic
dopanergic

63
Q

phytochemicals in shaministic ritual?

A

indole alkaloids

64
Q

What is entheogem?

A

Psychoactive substance typically used in shamanic or spiritual rituals to
alter the state of consciousness

65
Q

what herbs contain entheogen?

A 
San Pedro cactus (Trichocereus pachanoi)
Magic mushrooms
Ayahuasca
Diviners sage
Devil's trumpet
66
Q

what is ayahuasca?

A

Ayahuasca, also called yage, is a mixture of herbs used widely by
indigenous people of the Amazon basin

67
Q

actions of ayahuasca?

A
  • entheogen
  • emetic
  • laxative
  • cathartic
  • purgative
68
Q

when would one use ayahuasca?

A
  • Shamanistic rituals
  • Drug addiction
  • Depression
  • Post-traumatic stress disorder
69
Q

herbs in ayahuasca?

A
  • Ayahuasca vine (Banisteriopsis caapi)

* Chacruna (Psychotria viridis)

70
Q

phytochemicals in ayahuasca?

A

Indole alkaloids (harmaline, DMT)

1st year - Botanical Medicine (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions