Bot Med I- Nervines Flashcards
11 nervines?
avena sativa (milky oat seed) scutellaria lateriflora (skullcap) humulus lupulus (hops) valeriana officianlis (valerian) piper methysticum (kava) melissa officinalis (lemon balm) leonurus cardiaca (motherwort) hypericumcardiaca (St. John's Wort) Passiflora incarnata (passion flower) matricaria recutita (chamomile) eschscholtzia californica (california poppy)
what is a nervine?
herbs that act on the NS
can be divided into tonics, sedatives and hypnotics
what is a nerve tonic? 2 examples
substance that improves the tone and vigor or fxn of the NS
exs: avena sativa, hypericum perforatum
what is a sedative? 2 examples?
aka relaxant, decrease stimulation to the NS, calming effect
exs: scutellaria lateriflora, humulus lupulus, melissa officinalis, eschscholtzia californica, valeriana officinalis, lavandula spp, leonurus cardiaca, matricaria recutita, nepeta cataria, passiflora incarnata
what are hypnotics? 2 examples
stronger sedatives, cause drowsiness, may alter mental status, often have anodyne effects
exs: piper methysticum, piscidida erythrina, eschscholtzia californica, humulus lupulus, valeriana officinalis, passiflora incarnata
6 indications for nervines?
anxiety depression exhaustion shock/trauma stress modulation pain modulation
latin name for milky oat seed? family? part used? energetics?
avena sativa
family: poaceae
part used: immature milky seed
energetics: moistening
latin name for milky oat seed? actions? indications? c/is?
avena sativa
actions: nervine, nutritive to the NS, cerebral trophorestorative
indications: nervous exhaustion, nervous h/a, cardiac weakness dt nervous depression or debility, opiate withdrawal, nicotine withdrawal
c/is: possibly antagonizes the antinociceptive effects of morphine
latin name for skullcap? family? part used? energetics?
scutellaria lateriflora
family: lamiaceae
part used: aerial parts in bloom
energetics: cooling
latin name of skullcap? actions? indications? c/is?
scutellaria lateriflora
actions: sedative, antispasmodic, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, hypotensive, stomachic
indications: insomnia, restlessness, anxiety, agitation, teething, h/a from exhaustion, chorea, seizures, neuralgia, muscular fasciculations, exhaustion dt illness
c/is: may potentiate the effects of other sedative medications
latin name for hops? family? part used? energetics?
humulus lupulus
family: cannabaceae
part used: strobile
energetics: cooling, lax
latin name for hops? actions? indications? c/is?
humulus lupulus
actions: sedative, digestive bitter, cholagogue, mild laxative, antimicrobial
indications: delirium tremens, restless leg syndrome, dyspepsia, nervous h/a, generalized nervous tension, insomnia, increase lactation
c/is: depression, PG
latin name of valerian? family? part used? energetics?
valeriana officinalis
family: valerianaceae
part used: root
energetics: warming, lax
latin name of valerian? actions? indications? c/is?
valeriana officinalis
actions: sedative, relaxant, antispasmodic, hypotensive, diuretic, diaphoretic, anticonvulsant
c/is: may potentiate actions of other sleep inducing agents, possibly associated with benzodiazepine-like withdrawal sxs
latin name of kava kava? family? part used? energetics?
piper methysticum
family: piperaceae
part used: root
energetics: warming
latin name of kava kava? actions? indications? c/is?
piper methysticum
actions: sedative, hypnotic, antispasmodic, analgesic, anesthetic, anxiolytic
indications: anxiety, insomnia, fibromyalgia, cholecystitis, uteral spasm, interstitial cystitis, tension h/a, neuralgia
c/is: PG, lactation, liver dz, potentiates the effects of EtOH, benzodiazepines, rare but serious incidences of acute liver toxicity
latin name of lemon balm? family? part used? energetics?
melissa officinalis
family: lamiaceae
part used: whole plant before flowering
energetics: uplifting, cooling
latin name of lemon balm? actions? indications? c/is?
melissa officinalis
actions: sedative, mild antidepressant, carminative, hypotensive, antiviral, antispasmodic
indications: nervous dyspepsia, anxiety, depression, insomnia, migraines- particularly indicated where stress is the cause, hyperthyroidism, topically for herpes simplex
c/is: hypothyroidism, PG
latin name of motherwort? family? part used? energetics?
leonurus cardiaca
family: lamiaceae
part used: aerial parts
energetics: neutral, drying
latin name of motherwort? actions? indications? c/is?
leonurus cardiaca
actions: sedative, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, cardiotonic, hypotensive, antispasmodic, emmenagogue
indications: nervousness, irritability, palpitations, hyperthyroidism, amenorrhea, PP depression
c/is: PG, doses over 3 g may cause diarrhea, uterine bleeding and GI upset
latin name of St. John’s Wort? family? part used? energetics?
hypericum perforatum
family: hypericaceae
part used: fresh aerial parts
energetics: mildly warming and enlightening
latin name of St. John’s Wort? actions? indications? c/is?
hypericum perforatum
actions: anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, antispasmodic, anti-viral, astringent, detoxifying, nervine, vulnerary, sedative
indications: wound healing, mild-moderate depression, neuralgia, nerve injury
c/is: induces CYP3A4 and can cause increased clearance of pharmaceutical drugs
what is hypericism?
sensitivity to sunlight following ingestion of large quantities of hypericum
latin name of passion flower? family? part used? energetics?
passiflora incarnata
family: passifloraceae
part used: whole plant
energetics: cooling
latin name of passion flower? actions? indications? c/is?
passiflora incarnata
actions: sedative, anxiolytic, antispasmodic, anodyne, hypotensive
indications: anxiety, nervous h/a, restlessness, insomnia
c/is: PG, potentiates sedative drugs
latin name of chamomile? family? part used? energetics?
matricaria recutita
family: asteraceae
part used: flower
energetics: cooling
latin name of chamomile? actions? indications? c/is?
matricaria recutita
actions: nervine, anxiolytic, antidepressant, stomachic
indications: nervousness, impatience, discontent, insomnia, particularly useful in children
c/is: high doses can cause vomiting and diarrhea
latin name of california poppy? family? part used? energetics?
eschscholtzia californica
family: papaveraceae
part used: whole plant
energetics: cooling
latin name of california poppy? actions? indications? c/is?
eschscholtzia calfornica
actions: sedative, antispasmodic, anodyne, hypnotic
indications: anxiety, overexcitement, restlessness, insomnia
c/is: PG
