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Bot Med I- Alteratives Flashcards

1
Q

what is an alterative? how is it different from an adaptogen?

A

herb that alters the body in a non-specific but broadly beneficial way
conceived originally as a “blood purifier” or “blood cleanser”
adaptogens have more of an endocrine effect

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2
Q

alterative vs depurative?

A

alterative: nourishing tonics that have a broadly beneficial effect on the body and that slowly and steadily support a return to a healthy state
depurative: herbs w/a more specific action of cleansing a particular organ or system

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3
Q

8 indications for alteratives

A 
generalize and chronic dysfxn
digestive, eliminatory and circulatory hypofxn
maldigestion
hormonal imbalance
"toxemia"
acne
chronic infxns
chronic inflammation
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4
Q

Toxemia

A

condition produced by accumulation of putrefactive and toxic waste products

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5
Q

7 alterative botanicals

A 
trifolium pratense (red clover)
rumex spp. (yellow dock, curly dock)
mahonia spp (oregon grape, barberry, mahonia)
smilax spp (sarsaparilla)
arctium lappa (burdock)
curcuma longa (tumeric)
urtica diocia (stinging nettles)
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6
Q

red clover latin name:

family:

A

latin name: trifolium pratense

family: fabaceae

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7
Q 
red clover latin name:
preparation and doseage of
tincture
infusion/decoction
standardized extraction is how many mg/d?
cautions/CIs:
A

red clover latin name: trifolium pratense
preparation and doseage of
tincture: 2-6 mL/d of a 1:5 tincture of 25% EtOH
infusion/decoction: 1-2 tsp per cup, 2-4 c per day
standardized extraction is how many mg/d? 40-80 mg/d
cautions/CIs: caution w/blood thinners, oral contraceptives and estrogen (+) CAs

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8
Q

what is trifolium pratense especially good for treating?

A

whooping cough, bronchitis, laryngitis, measles, slowing CA growth

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9
Q

what is in the Trifolium Compound (9 parts)?

A 
trifolium pratense (red clover)
arctium lappa (burdock root)
mahonia aquifolium (Oregon grape root)
stillingia sylvatica (queen's root)
glycyrrhiza glabra (dried root)
rhamnus purshiana (cascara sagrada bark)
rhamnus frangula (buckthorn bark)
zanthoxylum clava-herculis (southern prickly ash bark)
potassium iodide 3%
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10
Q

burdock latin name:

family:

A

burdock latin name: arctium lappa

family: asteraceae

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11
Q 
burdock latin name:
preparation and doseage
tincture
fluid extract
decoction
seeds
infusion
harvesting:
A 
burdock latin name: arctium lappa
preparation and doseage
tincture: root, 2-4 mL, (1:5, 40%) TID
fluid extract: 2-6 mL (1:1, 25%) TID
decoction: root, 1 tsp/cup, 3 c per day
seeds: 3-9 QD 
infusion: 25-40 ground seeds per cup of water, 1/2 c up to 6x/d
harvesting: roots can be dug in spring or early fall in 2nd to 4th year, seeds collected in the fall of the 2nd year
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12
Q

indications of arctium lappa

A

liver not moving waste products well while KDs and skin are also overburdened or incapable of removing waste products

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13
Q

specific conditions to use arctium lappa for

A 
dermatological conditions (dry and scaly cutaneous eruptions)
endocrine conditions (lowering blood sugar) 
GI conditions (stimulates gustatory n.) 
inflammatory conditions (rheumatism and gout, RA) 
hepatobiliary conditions (stimulate secretion of bile)
topical (bruises, skin eruptions, burns)
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14
Q

oregon grape latin name:

family:

A

oregon grape latin name: mahonia spp.

family: berberidaceae

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15
Q 
latin name of oregon grape:
preparation and dose:
tincture
decoction
dried root bark
harvesting:
A 
latin name of oregon grape: mahonia spp
preparation and dose: 
tincture 1-4 mL TID (1:5, 40%)
decoction 1-2 tsp/c 1 cup TID
dried root bark 1-2 g/d
harvesting: root bark can be harvested mid-Summer through Winter, strip bark from step and root  w/a knife when the root is fresh
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16
Q

latin name of yellow dock:

family:

A

latin name of yellow dock: rumex crispus

family: polygonaceae

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17
Q 
yellow dock latin name:
preparation and dosage
tincture
decoction
fluid extract
harvest:
don't eat:
A

yellow dock latin name: rumex crispus
preparation and dosage
tincture: 1-4 mL (1:5, 40%) TID, 2-4.5 mL (1:2) daily
decoction: 1 tsp/c
fluid extract: 2-4 mL daily in divided doses
harvest: in the fall
don’t eat: the leaves b/c they are very high in oxalic acid and can cause poisoning b/c it chelates Ca2+ in the blood

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18
Q

stinging nettle latin name:

family:

A

stinging nettle latin name: urtica diocia

family: urticaceae

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19
Q 
latin name of stinging nettle:
preparation and dosage
food
dried herb
tincture
long term use can cause? 
drug interactions?
A

latin name of stinging nettle: urtica diocia
preparation and dosage
food: cooking or steaming will denature stinging trichomes and safe for eating
dried herb: 8-12 g/d
tincture: 3-6 mL/d (1:2), 7-14 mL (1:5)
long term use can cause? drying of mucous membranes
drug interactions? none

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20
Q

sarsaparilla latin name:

family:

A

sarsaparilla latin name: smilax spp.

family: liliaceae

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21
Q

latin name for sarsaparilla:
dosage and preparation:
tincture
decoction

A

latin name for sarsaparilla: smilax spp.
dosage and preparation: classically prepared as a syrup that was often used as a carrier for other ingredients
tincture: 1-2 mL (1:5, 60%) TID
decoction: 2-4 tsp/c of water, simmer for 5-10 min

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22
Q

latin name of turmeric:

family:

A

latin name of turmeric: curcuma longa

family: zingiberaceae

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23
Q

red clover latin name:

part used:

A

red clover latin name: trifolium pratense

part used: flower

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24
Q

red clover latin name:

energetics:

A

red clover latin name: trifolium pratense

energetics: cooling

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25
red clover latin name: | actions (5):
red clover latin name: trifolium pratense | actions (5): alterative, antitumor, antitussive, antispasmodic, phytoestrogenic
26
red clover latin name: | indications (8):
red clover latin name: trifolium pratense | indications (8): CA, gout, arthritis, acne, spasmatic cough, cachexia, burns, ulcers, TB/inflammation of lungs
27
burdock latin name: | parts used:
burdock latin name: arctium lappa | parts used: roots, but also seed and leaf
28
burdock latin name: | energetics:
burdock latin name: arctium lappa | energetics: cooling
29
burdock latin name: | actions:
burdock latin name: arctium lappa actions: root- alterative, mild bitter, antitumor, antimutagenic, nutritive, antirheumatic, phytoestrogenic, liver tonic; leaves- antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory
30
burdock latin name: | indications:
burdock latin name: arctium lappa indications: root- dry and scaly skin conditions: psoriasis, eczema, dandruff, rheumatic/arthritic conditions, anorexia, cystitis, wounds and ulcers; leaves: mastitis, joint sprains; seeds: cystitis, skin conditions
31
oregon grape latin name: | parts used:
oregon grape latin name: mahonia spp. | parts used: root bark and stem bark
32
oregon grape latin name: | energetics:
oregon grape latin name: mahonia spp. | energetics: cooling, drying
33
oregon grape latin name: | actions:
oregon grape latin name: mahonia spp. | actions: alterative, digestive bitter, anti-catarrhal, antimicrobial, cholagogue, mild laxative
34
oregon grape latin name: | specific organ:
oregon grape latin name: mahonia spp. | specific organ: liver
35
oregon grape latin name: | indications:
oregon grape latin name: mahonia spp. indications: skin- psoriasis, eczema, herpes, pityriasis, acne, syphilis; poor GB fxn- nausea, fat malabsorption, digestive upset; infxns- skin, eyes, intestional tract
36
oregon grape latin name: | contraindications:
oregon grape latin name: mahonia spp. | C/I: PG
37
latin name of yellow dock: | part used:
latin name of yellow dock: rumex crispus | part used: root
38
latin name of yellow dock: | energetics:
latin name of yellow dock: rumex crispus | energetics: cooling
39
latin name of yellow dock: | actions:
latin name of yellow dock: rumex crispus actions: alterative, digestive bitter, nutritive, cholagogue, mild laxative, GI tonic, calms irritation of the larynx in chronic cough
40
latin name of yellow dock: | specific organ:
latin name of yellow dock: rumex crispus | specific organ: liver, GI, larynx
41
latin name of yellow dock: | indications:
latin name of yellow dock: rumex crispus | indications: chronic skin conditions, psoriasis, eczema, acne, lax bowels, constipation, liver congestion
42
latin name of yellow dock: | C/Is:
latin name of yellow dock: rumex crispus | C/Is: oxalate KD stones, KD dz, iron overload, PG
43
stinging nettle latin name: | parts used:
stinging nettle latin name: urtica diocia | parts used: leaf, root, seed
44
stinging nettle latin name: | energetics:
stinging nettle latin name: urtica diocia | energetics: drying
45
stinging nettle latin name: | actions:
stinging nettle latin name: urtica diocia actions: leaf- alterative, nutritive, anti-inflammatory, urinary tract tonic; root- astringent, anti-inflammatory, multiple influences of hormone transformation related to BPH
46
stinging nettle latin name: | indications:
stinging nettle latin name: urtica diocia indications: leaf- chronic skin conditions, eczema, psoriasis, acne, allergic rhinitis (freeze-dried); root: BPH, diarrhea
47
stinging nettle latin name: | C/Is:
stinging nettle latin name: urtica diocia | C/Is: allergy to nettle
48
sarsaparilla latin name: | parts used:
sarsaparilla latin name: smilax spp. | parts used: root, rhizome
49
sarsaparilla latin name: | energetics:
sarsaparilla latin name: smilax spp. | energetics: drying, earthy
50
sarsaparilla latin name: | actions:
sarsaparilla latin name: smilax spp. | actions: alterative, antirhematic, diaphoretic, diuretic, adaptogenic
51
sarsaparilla latin name: | specific organ:
sarsaparilla latin name: smilax spp. | specific organ: endocrine balance
52
sarsaparilla latin name: | indications:
sarsaparilla latin name: smilax spp. | indications: skin conditions, rheumatic pain and hormonal balance, increasing overall resistance to stress
53
sarsaparilla latin name: | C/Is:
sarsaparilla latin name: smilax spp. | C/Is: may increase absorption of digitalis glycosides, C/I in PG
54
sarsaparilla latin name: | toxicity:
sarsaparilla latin name: smilax spp. | toxicity: large doses can cause GI irritation or even ulceration dt high saponin content
55
latin name of turmeric: | parts used:
latin name of turmeric: curcuma longa | parts used: rhizome
56
latin name of turmeric: | energetics:
latin name of turmeric: curcuma longa | energetics: cooling, warming, stimulating, moves stagnation
57
latin name of turmeric: | actions:
latin name of turmeric: curcuma longa actions: alterative, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, cholagogue, choleretic, emmenagogue, lowers cholesterol, carminative, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, vulnerary
58
latin name of turmeric: | specific organ:
latin name of turmeric: curcuma longa | specific organ: liver, circulatory system
59
latin name of turmeric: | indications:
latin name of turmeric: curcuma longa | indications: inflammation, jaundice, liver d/os, chronic skin conditions, cardiovascular dz
60
latin name of turmeric: | C/Is:
latin name of turmeric: curcuma longa | C/Is: C/I in lg doses in PG, in bild duct obstruction

Botanical Medicine (10 decks)

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