Bot Med I- Alteratives Flashcards
what is an alterative? how is it different from an adaptogen?
herb that alters the body in a non-specific but broadly beneficial way
conceived originally as a “blood purifier” or “blood cleanser”
adaptogens have more of an endocrine effect
alterative vs depurative?
alterative: nourishing tonics that have a broadly beneficial effect on the body and that slowly and steadily support a return to a healthy state
depurative: herbs w/a more specific action of cleansing a particular organ or system
8 indications for alteratives
generalize and chronic dysfxn digestive, eliminatory and circulatory hypofxn maldigestion hormonal imbalance "toxemia" acne chronic infxns chronic inflammation
Toxemia
condition produced by accumulation of putrefactive and toxic waste products
7 alterative botanicals
trifolium pratense (red clover) rumex spp. (yellow dock, curly dock) mahonia spp (oregon grape, barberry, mahonia) smilax spp (sarsaparilla) arctium lappa (burdock) curcuma longa (tumeric) urtica diocia (stinging nettles)
red clover latin name:
family:
latin name: trifolium pratense
family: fabaceae
red clover latin name: preparation and doseage of tincture infusion/decoction standardized extraction is how many mg/d? cautions/CIs:
red clover latin name: trifolium pratense
preparation and doseage of
tincture: 2-6 mL/d of a 1:5 tincture of 25% EtOH
infusion/decoction: 1-2 tsp per cup, 2-4 c per day
standardized extraction is how many mg/d? 40-80 mg/d
cautions/CIs: caution w/blood thinners, oral contraceptives and estrogen (+) CAs
what is trifolium pratense especially good for treating?
whooping cough, bronchitis, laryngitis, measles, slowing CA growth
what is in the Trifolium Compound (9 parts)?
trifolium pratense (red clover) arctium lappa (burdock root) mahonia aquifolium (Oregon grape root) stillingia sylvatica (queen's root) glycyrrhiza glabra (dried root) rhamnus purshiana (cascara sagrada bark) rhamnus frangula (buckthorn bark) zanthoxylum clava-herculis (southern prickly ash bark) potassium iodide 3%
burdock latin name:
family:
burdock latin name: arctium lappa
family: asteraceae
burdock latin name: preparation and doseage tincture fluid extract decoction seeds infusion harvesting:
burdock latin name: arctium lappa preparation and doseage tincture: root, 2-4 mL, (1:5, 40%) TID fluid extract: 2-6 mL (1:1, 25%) TID decoction: root, 1 tsp/cup, 3 c per day seeds: 3-9 QD infusion: 25-40 ground seeds per cup of water, 1/2 c up to 6x/d harvesting: roots can be dug in spring or early fall in 2nd to 4th year, seeds collected in the fall of the 2nd year
indications of arctium lappa
liver not moving waste products well while KDs and skin are also overburdened or incapable of removing waste products
specific conditions to use arctium lappa for
dermatological conditions (dry and scaly cutaneous eruptions) endocrine conditions (lowering blood sugar) GI conditions (stimulates gustatory n.) inflammatory conditions (rheumatism and gout, RA) hepatobiliary conditions (stimulate secretion of bile) topical (bruises, skin eruptions, burns)
oregon grape latin name:
family:
oregon grape latin name: mahonia spp.
family: berberidaceae
latin name of oregon grape: preparation and dose: tincture decoction dried root bark harvesting:
latin name of oregon grape: mahonia spp preparation and dose: tincture 1-4 mL TID (1:5, 40%) decoction 1-2 tsp/c 1 cup TID dried root bark 1-2 g/d harvesting: root bark can be harvested mid-Summer through Winter, strip bark from step and root w/a knife when the root is fresh
latin name of yellow dock:
family:
latin name of yellow dock: rumex crispus
family: polygonaceae
yellow dock latin name: preparation and dosage tincture decoction fluid extract harvest: don't eat:
yellow dock latin name: rumex crispus
preparation and dosage
tincture: 1-4 mL (1:5, 40%) TID, 2-4.5 mL (1:2) daily
decoction: 1 tsp/c
fluid extract: 2-4 mL daily in divided doses
harvest: in the fall
don’t eat: the leaves b/c they are very high in oxalic acid and can cause poisoning b/c it chelates Ca2+ in the blood
stinging nettle latin name:
family:
stinging nettle latin name: urtica diocia
family: urticaceae
latin name of stinging nettle: preparation and dosage food dried herb tincture long term use can cause? drug interactions?
latin name of stinging nettle: urtica diocia
preparation and dosage
food: cooking or steaming will denature stinging trichomes and safe for eating
dried herb: 8-12 g/d
tincture: 3-6 mL/d (1:2), 7-14 mL (1:5)
long term use can cause? drying of mucous membranes
drug interactions? none
sarsaparilla latin name:
family:
sarsaparilla latin name: smilax spp.
family: liliaceae
latin name for sarsaparilla:
dosage and preparation:
tincture
decoction
latin name for sarsaparilla: smilax spp.
dosage and preparation: classically prepared as a syrup that was often used as a carrier for other ingredients
tincture: 1-2 mL (1:5, 60%) TID
decoction: 2-4 tsp/c of water, simmer for 5-10 min
latin name of turmeric:
family:
latin name of turmeric: curcuma longa
family: zingiberaceae
red clover latin name:
part used:
red clover latin name: trifolium pratense
part used: flower
red clover latin name:
energetics:
red clover latin name: trifolium pratense
energetics: cooling
red clover latin name:
actions (5):
red clover latin name: trifolium pratense
actions (5): alterative, antitumor, antitussive, antispasmodic, phytoestrogenic
red clover latin name:
indications (8):
red clover latin name: trifolium pratense
indications (8): CA, gout, arthritis, acne, spasmatic cough, cachexia, burns, ulcers, TB/inflammation of lungs
burdock latin name:
parts used:
burdock latin name: arctium lappa
parts used: roots, but also seed and leaf
burdock latin name:
energetics:
burdock latin name: arctium lappa
energetics: cooling
burdock latin name:
actions:
burdock latin name: arctium lappa
actions: root- alterative, mild bitter, antitumor, antimutagenic, nutritive, antirheumatic, phytoestrogenic, liver tonic; leaves- antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory
burdock latin name:
indications:
burdock latin name: arctium lappa
indications: root- dry and scaly skin conditions: psoriasis, eczema, dandruff, rheumatic/arthritic conditions, anorexia, cystitis, wounds and ulcers; leaves: mastitis, joint sprains; seeds: cystitis, skin conditions
oregon grape latin name:
parts used:
oregon grape latin name: mahonia spp.
parts used: root bark and stem bark
oregon grape latin name:
energetics:
oregon grape latin name: mahonia spp.
energetics: cooling, drying
oregon grape latin name:
actions:
oregon grape latin name: mahonia spp.
actions: alterative, digestive bitter, anti-catarrhal, antimicrobial, cholagogue, mild laxative
oregon grape latin name:
specific organ:
oregon grape latin name: mahonia spp.
specific organ: liver
oregon grape latin name:
indications:
oregon grape latin name: mahonia spp.
indications: skin- psoriasis, eczema, herpes, pityriasis, acne, syphilis; poor GB fxn- nausea, fat malabsorption, digestive upset; infxns- skin, eyes, intestional tract
oregon grape latin name:
contraindications:
oregon grape latin name: mahonia spp.
C/I: PG
latin name of yellow dock:
part used:
latin name of yellow dock: rumex crispus
part used: root
latin name of yellow dock:
energetics:
latin name of yellow dock: rumex crispus
energetics: cooling
latin name of yellow dock:
actions:
latin name of yellow dock: rumex crispus
actions: alterative, digestive bitter, nutritive, cholagogue, mild laxative, GI tonic, calms irritation of the larynx in chronic cough
latin name of yellow dock:
specific organ:
latin name of yellow dock: rumex crispus
specific organ: liver, GI, larynx
latin name of yellow dock:
indications:
latin name of yellow dock: rumex crispus
indications: chronic skin conditions, psoriasis, eczema, acne, lax bowels, constipation, liver congestion
latin name of yellow dock:
C/Is:
latin name of yellow dock: rumex crispus
C/Is: oxalate KD stones, KD dz, iron overload, PG
stinging nettle latin name:
parts used:
stinging nettle latin name: urtica diocia
parts used: leaf, root, seed
stinging nettle latin name:
energetics:
stinging nettle latin name: urtica diocia
energetics: drying
stinging nettle latin name:
actions:
stinging nettle latin name: urtica diocia
actions: leaf- alterative, nutritive, anti-inflammatory, urinary tract tonic; root- astringent, anti-inflammatory, multiple influences of hormone transformation related to BPH
stinging nettle latin name:
indications:
stinging nettle latin name: urtica diocia
indications: leaf- chronic skin conditions, eczema, psoriasis, acne, allergic rhinitis (freeze-dried); root: BPH, diarrhea
stinging nettle latin name:
C/Is:
stinging nettle latin name: urtica diocia
C/Is: allergy to nettle
sarsaparilla latin name:
parts used:
sarsaparilla latin name: smilax spp.
parts used: root, rhizome
sarsaparilla latin name:
energetics:
sarsaparilla latin name: smilax spp.
energetics: drying, earthy
sarsaparilla latin name:
actions:
sarsaparilla latin name: smilax spp.
actions: alterative, antirhematic, diaphoretic, diuretic, adaptogenic
sarsaparilla latin name:
specific organ:
sarsaparilla latin name: smilax spp.
specific organ: endocrine balance
sarsaparilla latin name:
indications:
sarsaparilla latin name: smilax spp.
indications: skin conditions, rheumatic pain and hormonal balance, increasing overall resistance to stress
sarsaparilla latin name:
C/Is:
sarsaparilla latin name: smilax spp.
C/Is: may increase absorption of digitalis glycosides, C/I in PG
sarsaparilla latin name:
toxicity:
sarsaparilla latin name: smilax spp.
toxicity: large doses can cause GI irritation or even ulceration dt high saponin content
latin name of turmeric:
parts used:
latin name of turmeric: curcuma longa
parts used: rhizome
latin name of turmeric:
energetics:
latin name of turmeric: curcuma longa
energetics: cooling, warming, stimulating, moves stagnation
latin name of turmeric:
actions:
latin name of turmeric: curcuma longa
actions: alterative, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, cholagogue, choleretic, emmenagogue, lowers cholesterol, carminative, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, vulnerary
latin name of turmeric:
specific organ:
latin name of turmeric: curcuma longa
specific organ: liver, circulatory system
latin name of turmeric:
indications:
latin name of turmeric: curcuma longa
indications: inflammation, jaundice, liver d/os, chronic skin conditions, cardiovascular dz
latin name of turmeric:
C/Is:
latin name of turmeric: curcuma longa
C/Is: C/I in lg doses in PG, in bild duct obstruction
